100 RRB NTPC Botany Practice Question, Answers [4 Sets]

Here are 25 Botany-related multiple-choice questions (MCQs) with answers, designed for the RRB NTPC Exam:

  1. Which of the following is the process by which plants synthesize their food?
    a) Respiration
    b) Transpiration
    c) Photosynthesis
    d) Germination
    Answer: c) Photosynthesis
  2. Which part of the plant is responsible for water absorption?
    a) Stem
    b) Leaf
    c) Flower
    d) Root
    Answer: d) Root
  3. Chlorophyll is present in which part of a plant cell?
    a) Mitochondria
    b) Nucleus
    c) Chloroplast
    d) Ribosome
    Answer: c) Chloroplast
  4. Which of the following is a non-vascular plant?
    a) Fern
    b) Moss
    c) Pine tree
    d) Oak tree
    Answer: b) Moss
  5. Which of the following plants is an example of a legume?
    a) Wheat
    b) Pea
    c) Rice
    d) Potato
    Answer: b) Pea
  6. The process of transpiration occurs through which part of the plant?
    a) Stem
    b) Roots
    c) Flowers
    d) Leaves
    Answer: d) Leaves
  7. Which hormone is responsible for the ripening of fruits?
    a) Auxin
    b) Gibberellin
    c) Ethylene
    d) Cytokinin
    Answer: c) Ethylene
  8. What is the term for plants that grow in water?
    a) Xerophytes
    b) Hydrophytes
    c) Halophytes
    d) Mesophytes
    Answer: b) Hydrophytes
  9. Which of the following is not a macronutrient required by plants?
    a) Nitrogen
    b) Phosphorus
    c) Iron
    d) Potassium
    Answer: c) Iron
  10. What type of plant tissue is responsible for the transport of water and nutrients?
    a) Epidermis
    b) Xylem
    c) Phloem
    d) Cortex
    Answer: b) Xylem
  11. Which type of fruit is a mango classified as?
    a) Drupe
    b) Berry
    c) Legume
    d) Nut
    Answer: a) Drupe
  12. Which of the following is a root vegetable?
    a) Carrot
    b) Cucumber
    c) Apple
    d) Tomato
    Answer: a) Carrot
  13. What pigment is responsible for the green color in plants?
    a) Carotene
    b) Xanthophyll
    c) Anthocyanin
    d) Chlorophyll
    Answer: d) Chlorophyll
  14. Which of the following plants performs nitrogen fixation?
    a) Wheat
    b) Maize
    c) Pea
    d) Cotton
    Answer: c) Pea
  15. Which of the following is NOT a function of roots?
    a) Anchorage
    b) Storage of food
    c) Photosynthesis
    d) Absorption of water
    Answer: c) Photosynthesis
  16. In which part of the flower is pollen produced?
    a) Petal
    b) Ovary
    c) Anther
    d) Sepal
    Answer: c) Anther
  17. Which of the following is an example of an angiosperm?
    a) Pine
    b) Fern
    c) Mango tree
    d) Moss
    Answer: c) Mango tree
  18. Which part of the plant is primarily involved in gas exchange?
    a) Stomata
    b) Roots
    c) Flowers
    d) Xylem
    Answer: a) Stomata
  19. Which of the following processes helps plants lose excess water?
    a) Photosynthesis
    b) Respiration
    c) Transpiration
    d) Absorption
    Answer: c) Transpiration
  20. Which plant hormone is known for promoting cell division?
    a) Auxin
    b) Cytokinin
    c) Gibberellin
    d) Ethylene
    Answer: b) Cytokinin
  21. The transfer of pollen from the anther to the stigma is called?
    a) Fertilization
    b) Pollination
    c) Germination
    d) Propagation
    Answer: b) Pollination
  22. Which of the following plants is a gymnosperm?
    a) Rose
    b) Sunflower
    c) Pine
    d) Wheat
    Answer: c) Pine
  23. Which part of the plant becomes the fruit?
    a) Root
    b) Ovary
    c) Leaf
    d) Stamen
    Answer: b) Ovary
  24. Which of the following is responsible for the transport of food in plants?
    a) Xylem
    b) Phloem
    c) Epidermis
    d) Cambium
    Answer: b) Phloem
  25. Which part of a plant is primarily responsible for its growth in length?
    a) Root hairs
    b) Cambium
    c) Apical meristem
    d) Xylem
    Answer: c) Apical meristem

Botany practice questions that may appear in competitive exams like RRB NTPC, covering key concepts in plant biology. [Practice Set 2]

  1. Which plant tissue is responsible for transporting food produced in leaves to other parts of the plant?
    a) Xylem
    b) Phloem
    c) Epidermis
    d) Cortex
    Answer: b) Phloem
  2. Which of the following is a parasitic plant?
    a) Cuscuta
    b) Neem
    c) Mango
    d) Banyan
    Answer: a) Cuscuta
  3. What is the primary pigment involved in photosynthesis?
    a) Chlorophyll
    b) Anthocyanin
    c) Xanthophyll
    d) Carotene
    Answer: a) Chlorophyll
  4. What is the function of stomata in plants?
    a) Water absorption
    b) Food storage
    c) Gas exchange
    d) Nutrient transport
    Answer: c) Gas exchange
  5. Which of the following is an example of a xerophyte?
    a) Lotus
    b) Cactus
    c) Rice
    d) Mango
    Answer: b) Cactus
  6. The process of converting atmospheric nitrogen into a form usable by plants is known as:
    a) Denitrification
    b) Nitrification
    c) Nitrogen fixation
    d) Assimilation
    Answer: c) Nitrogen fixation
  7. Which plant hormone is responsible for the growth of roots?
    a) Cytokinin
    b) Ethylene
    c) Gibberellin
    d) Auxin
    Answer: d) Auxin
  8. Which of the following is an underground stem?
    a) Carrot
    b) Ginger
    c) Radish
    d) Spinach
    Answer: b) Ginger
  9. Which group of plants is commonly known for having “naked seeds”?
    a) Gymnosperms
    b) Angiosperms
    c) Algae
    d) Bryophytes
    Answer: a) Gymnosperms
  10. Which of the following is not a part of a flower’s reproductive organs?
    a) Petal
    b) Stamen
    c) Pistil
    d) Ovary
    Answer: a) Petal
  11. Which of the following plant parts is involved in vegetative reproduction?
    a) Leaf
    b) Flower
    c) Stem
    d) Seed
    Answer: c) Stem
  12. Which of the following elements is essential for chlorophyll formation?
    a) Iron
    b) Magnesium
    c) Phosphorus
    d) Potassium
    Answer: b) Magnesium
  13. Which of the following is a monocot plant?
    a) Wheat
    b) Pea
    c) Bean
    d) Mustard
    Answer: a) Wheat
  14. What is the process of seed germination in which the seed absorbs water called?
    a) Imbibition
    b) Respiration
    c) Transpiration
    d) Photosynthesis
    Answer: a) Imbibition
  15. Which of the following types of roots do monocot plants typically have?
    a) Taproots
    b) Fibrous roots
    c) Adventitious roots
    d) Prop roots
    Answer: b) Fibrous roots
  16. Which of the following is a modified stem?
    a) Potato
    b) Carrot
    c) Beetroot
    d) Lettuce
    Answer: a) Potato
  17. What type of fruit is a grape classified as?
    a) Berry
    b) Drupe
    c) Legume
    d) Capsule
    Answer: a) Berry
  18. In photosynthesis, oxygen is released as a by-product. This oxygen comes from the splitting of:
    a) Carbon dioxide
    b) Water
    c) Glucose
    d) Chlorophyll
    Answer: b) Water
  19. The presence of which pigment gives flowers their red, blue, or purple colors?
    a) Chlorophyll
    b) Carotene
    c) Xanthophyll
    d) Anthocyanin
    Answer: d) Anthocyanin
  20. Which of the following plant diseases is caused by fungi?
    a) Rust
    b) Wilt
    c) Mosaic
    d) Bacterial blight
    Answer: a) Rust
  21. Which of the following is an example of a carnivorous plant?
    a) Sunflower
    b) Venus flytrap
    c) Rose
    d) Neem
    Answer: b) Venus flytrap
  22. Which of the following is an example of a dicot plant?
    a) Rice
    b) Mango
    c) Maize
    d) Bamboo
    Answer: b) Mango
  23. What is the primary function of phloem in plants?
    a) Transport water
    b) Transport nutrients
    c) Transport food
    d) Provide support
    Answer: c) Transport food
  24. Which of the following gases is essential for the process of photosynthesis?
    a) Oxygen
    b) Carbon dioxide
    c) Nitrogen
    d) Hydrogen
    Answer: b) Carbon dioxide
  25. Which part of the plant is responsible for anchoring it to the soil?
    a) Leaf
    b) Flower
    c) Root
    d) Stem
    Answer: c) Root

Botany practice questions that may appear in competitive exams like RRB NTPC, covering key concepts in plant biology. [Practice Set 3]

  1. Which plant structure is responsible for absorbing sunlight?
    a) Roots
    b) Stems
    c) Leaves
    d) Flowers
    Answer: c) Leaves
  2. Which of the following is a micronutrient for plants?
    a) Nitrogen
    b) Calcium
    c) Iron
    d) Phosphorus
    Answer: c) Iron
  3. In which plant organ does photosynthesis primarily take place?
    a) Stem
    b) Roots
    c) Leaves
    d) Flower
    Answer: c) Leaves
  4. What is the main function of the cuticle layer in plant leaves?
    a) Transport of food
    b) Protection from water loss
    c) Absorption of light
    d) Transport of water
    Answer: b) Protection from water loss
  5. Which of the following is a plant hormone responsible for stem elongation?
    a) Ethylene
    b) Cytokinin
    c) Gibberellin
    d) Abscisic acid
    Answer: c) Gibberellin
  6. Which part of the plant is responsible for the production of seeds?
    a) Leaves
    b) Stems
    c) Flowers
    d) Roots
    Answer: c) Flowers
  7. Which of the following plants reproduces through spores?
    a) Fern
    b) Rose
    c) Mango
    d) Pea
    Answer: a) Fern
  8. What is the name of the process in which plants lose water through their leaves?
    a) Respiration
    b) Transpiration
    c) Photosynthesis
    d) Digestion
    Answer: b) Transpiration
  9. Which of the following is a part of the female reproductive organ in flowers?
    a) Anther
    b) Stigma
    c) Petal
    d) Filament
    Answer: b) Stigma
  10. Which of the following is NOT a function of stems?
    a) Support
    b) Transport
    c) Water absorption
    d) Photosynthesis
    Answer: c) Water absorption
  11. Which of the following plants is used to extract rubber?
    a) Bamboo
    b) Oak
    c) Hevea brasiliensis
    d) Neem
    Answer: c) Hevea brasiliensis
  12. Which is the primary factor that determines the opening and closing of stomata in plants?
    a) Light
    b) Temperature
    c) Water pressure
    d) Soil nutrients
    Answer: c) Water pressure
  13. Which of the following is a primary producer in an ecosystem?
    a) Insects
    b) Herbivores
    c) Plants
    d) Fungi
    Answer: c) Plants
  14. Which gas is released during the process of photosynthesis?
    a) Oxygen
    b) Carbon dioxide
    c) Nitrogen
    d) Hydrogen
    Answer: a) Oxygen
  15. Which part of a plant is responsible for the production of pollen?
    a) Ovule
    b) Stigma
    c) Anther
    d) Sepal
    Answer: c) Anther
  16. The term “cotyledon” refers to which part of a plant?
    a) Root
    b) Seed leaf
    c) Fruit
    d) Stem
    Answer: b) Seed leaf
  17. Which type of plant tissue is responsible for growth in thickness?
    a) Cambium
    b) Epidermis
    c) Xylem
    d) Phloem
    Answer: a) Cambium
  18. Which of the following is a characteristic of gymnosperms?
    a) Flowers
    b) Fruits
    c) Naked seeds
    d) Broad leaves
    Answer: c) Naked seeds
  19. Which plant pigment reflects red and purple light, giving plants those colors?
    a) Chlorophyll
    b) Anthocyanin
    c) Xanthophyll
    d) Carotene
    Answer: b) Anthocyanin
  20. What is the male gametophyte in flowering plants known as?
    a) Ovule
    b) Pollen grain
    c) Stamen
    d) Petal
    Answer: b) Pollen grain
  21. Which of the following is considered a “biennial” plant?
    a) Wheat
    b) Rice
    c) Carrot
    d) Mango
    Answer: c) Carrot
  22. Which process is responsible for the movement of water from roots to leaves in plants?
    a) Respiration
    b) Transpiration pull
    c) Photosynthesis
    d) Evaporation
    Answer: b) Transpiration pull
  23. Which plant organelle is responsible for storing water and nutrients?
    a) Mitochondria
    b) Vacuole
    c) Chloroplast
    d) Nucleus
    Answer: b) Vacuole
  24. Which part of a plant contains chloroplasts and is responsible for photosynthesis?
    a) Stem
    b) Leaf
    c) Root
    d) Flower
    Answer: b) Leaf
  25. Which of the following is a symbiotic relationship between fungi and plant roots?
    a) Lichen
    b) Mycorrhiza
    c) Bryophytes
    d) Gymnosperms
    Answer: b) Mycorrhiza

Botany practice questions that may appear in competitive exams like RRB NTPC, covering key concepts in plant biology. [Practice Set 4]

  1. Which part of a plant embryo develops into the root?
    a) Radicle
    b) Plumule
    c) Cotyledon
    d) Endosperm
    Answer: a) Radicle
  2. What is the term for the process by which seeds begin to grow and develop into a new plant?
    a) Pollination
    b) Germination
    c) Transpiration
    d) Fertilization
    Answer: b) Germination
  3. Which type of fruit is formed without fertilization?
    a) Aggregate fruit
    b) Multiple fruit
    c) Parthenocarpic fruit
    d) Simple fruit
    Answer: c) Parthenocarpic fruit
  4. Which of the following is a major greenhouse gas involved in the process of photosynthesis?
    a) Methane
    b) Carbon dioxide
    c) Nitrous oxide
    d) Oxygen
    Answer: b) Carbon dioxide
  5. Which plant part is modified into a tuber in potatoes?
    a) Root
    b) Leaf
    c) Stem
    d) Flower
    Answer: c) Stem
  6. Which of the following plant hormones is known as the “stress hormone”?
    a) Auxin
    b) Gibberellin
    c) Cytokinin
    d) Abscisic acid
    Answer: d) Abscisic acid
  7. Which part of the leaf contains most of the chloroplasts and is the primary site for photosynthesis?
    a) Cuticle
    b) Spongy mesophyll
    c) Palisade mesophyll
    d) Epidermis
    Answer: c) Palisade mesophyll
  8. Which of the following is an example of a plant adaptation for drought conditions?
    a) Broad leaves
    b) Deep roots
    c) Thin cuticle
    d) High stomatal density
    Answer: b) Deep roots
  9. In which of the following structures does pollination primarily occur?
    a) Leaf
    b) Ovary
    c) Stigma
    d) Stem
    Answer: c) Stigma
  10. What is the primary function of root hairs?
    a) Water and mineral absorption
    b) Photosynthesis
    c) Reproduction
    d) Food storage
    Answer: a) Water and mineral absorption
  11. What type of venation is typical in monocot leaves?
    a) Parallel venation
    b) Reticulate venation
    c) Cross venation
    d) Radial venation
    Answer: a) Parallel venation
  12. Which of the following plants is a nitrogen-fixing plant?
    a) Wheat
    b) Pea
    c) Maize
    d) Mango
    Answer: b) Pea
  13. Which of the following processes takes place in mitochondria?
    a) Photosynthesis
    b) Respiration
    c) Transpiration
    d) Pollination
    Answer: b) Respiration
  14. Which of the following is a plant disease caused by a bacterium?
    a) Rust
    b) Powdery mildew
    c) Citrus canker
    d) Smut
    Answer: c) Citrus canker
  15. What is the botanical term for the leaf arrangement where two leaves are directly opposite each other on the stem?
    a) Alternate
    b) Opposite
    c) Whorled
    d) Spiral
    Answer: b) Opposite
  16. Which type of reproduction involves only one parent and produces offspring genetically identical to the parent?
    a) Sexual reproduction
    b) Vegetative reproduction
    c) Cross-pollination
    d) Self-pollination
    Answer: b) Vegetative reproduction
  17. Which plant group is characterized by having seeds enclosed within a fruit?
    a) Gymnosperms
    b) Angiosperms
    c) Bryophytes
    d) Pteridophytes
    Answer: b) Angiosperms
  18. Which process involves the conversion of light energy into chemical energy in plants?
    a) Respiration
    b) Photosynthesis
    c) Transpiration
    d) Fermentation
    Answer: b) Photosynthesis
  19. Which part of the seed provides nourishment to the developing embryo?
    a) Radicle
    b) Plumule
    c) Cotyledon
    d) Seed coat
    Answer: c) Cotyledon
  20. In which of the following plant tissues is water transported from the roots to the leaves?
    a) Phloem
    b) Cambium
    c) Xylem
    d) Cortex
    Answer: c) Xylem
  21. Which of the following is a characteristic of dicot plants?
    a) Parallel leaf venation
    b) One cotyledon
    c) Vascular bundles scattered
    d) Taproot system
    Answer: d) Taproot system
  22. Which of the following is a type of dry fruit that splits open at maturity?
    a) Drupe
    b) Berry
    c) Capsule
    d) Nut
    Answer: c) Capsule
  23. Which plant hormone is involved in fruit ripening?
    a) Ethylene
    b) Auxin
    c) Cytokinin
    d) Gibberellin
    Answer: a) Ethylene
  24. Which of the following is an example of a plant that undergoes alternation of generations?
    a) Rose
    b) Fern
    c) Bamboo
    d) Pine
    Answer: b) Fern
  25. Which process is responsible for the upward movement of water and dissolved nutrients from the roots?
    a) Osmosis
    b) Transpiration pull
    c) Active transport
    d) Photosynthesis
    Answer: b) Transpiration pull

Leave a Comment

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

Scroll to Top