Strategy & Study Skills
Most Important Articles of the Indian Constitution for SSC & RRB Exams
Pareeksha Editorial · 9 min read · Updated 13 July 2026
Indian Polity questions in SSC CGL, CHSL, MTS, GD and RRB NTPC come again and again from one place: the Articles of the Constitution. Examiners rarely ask long theory - they ask "Which Article deals with X?" This single page compiles the Articles that have actually appeared in SSC and Railway papers, grouped the way the Constitution itself flows, so you can revise the whole set in 20 minutes before any exam. Bookmark it, and when you finish reading, test yourself with our Polity practice sets.
Part I–II: The Union and Citizenship (Articles 1–11)
| Article | Deals with |
|---|
| Article 1 | Name and territory of the Union - "India, that is Bharat, shall be a Union of States" |
| Article 2 | Admission or establishment of new States |
| Article 3 | Formation of new States; alteration of areas, boundaries or names of existing States |
| Articles 5–11 | Citizenship at the commencement of the Constitution |
Part III: Fundamental Rights (Articles 12–35) - the most asked block
| Article | Deals with |
|---|
| Article 12 | Definition of "State" for Fundamental Rights |
| Article 13 | Laws inconsistent with Fundamental Rights are void |
| Article 14 | Equality before law and equal protection of laws |
| Article 15 | Prohibition of discrimination on grounds of religion, race, caste, sex or place of birth |
| Article 16 | Equality of opportunity in public employment |
| Article 17 | Abolition of untouchability |
| Article 18 | Abolition of titles |
| Article 19 | Six freedoms - speech & expression, assembly, association, movement, residence, profession |
| Article 20 | Protection in respect of conviction for offences (no double jeopardy, no self-incrimination) |
| Article 21 | Protection of life and personal liberty |
| Article 21A | Right to education for children of 6–14 years (86th Amendment, 2002) |
| Article 22 | Protection against arrest and detention |
| Article 23 | Prohibition of human trafficking and forced labour |
| Article 24 | Prohibition of child labour below 14 years in factories, mines etc. |
| Articles 25–28 | Right to freedom of religion |
| Articles 29–30 | Cultural and educational rights of minorities |
| Article 32 | Right to constitutional remedies - Dr Ambedkar's "heart and soul of the Constitution" |
Part IV & IVA: Directive Principles and Fundamental Duties
| Article | Deals with |
|---|
| Article 36–51 | Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP) |
| Article 39A | Equal justice and free legal aid |
| Article 40 | Organisation of village panchayats |
| Article 44 | Uniform civil code for citizens |
| Article 45 | Early childhood care and education below 6 years |
| Article 48A | Protection of environment, forests and wildlife |
| Article 50 | Separation of judiciary from executive |
| Article 51 | Promotion of international peace and security |
| Article 51A | Fundamental Duties (11 duties; added by 42nd Amendment, 1976) |
Part V: The Union Government (Articles 52–151)
| Article | Deals with |
|---|
| Article 52 | The President of India |
| Article 54 | Election of the President |
| Article 61 | Impeachment of the President |
| Article 63 | The Vice-President of India |
| Article 72 | President's power to grant pardons, reprieves, respites |
| Article 74 | Council of Ministers to aid and advise the President |
| Article 76 | Attorney-General for India |
| Article 79 | Constitution of Parliament (President + two Houses) |
| Article 80 | Composition of the Rajya Sabha |
| Article 81 | Composition of the Lok Sabha |
| Article 93 | Speaker and Deputy Speaker of the Lok Sabha |
| Article 108 | Joint sitting of both Houses |
| Article 110 | Definition of Money Bill |
| Article 112 | Annual Financial Statement (the Union Budget) |
| Article 123 | President's power to promulgate Ordinances |
| Article 124 | Establishment of the Supreme Court |
| Article 129 | Supreme Court as a court of record |
| Article 143 | President's power to consult the Supreme Court |
| Article 148 | Comptroller and Auditor-General of India (CAG) |
Part VI: The States (Articles 153–237)
| Article | Deals with |
|---|
| Article 153 | Governors of States |
| Article 161 | Governor's power to grant pardons |
| Article 163 | Council of Ministers to aid and advise the Governor |
| Article 165 | Advocate-General of the State |
| Article 168 | Constitution of State Legislatures |
| Article 214 | High Courts for States |
| Article 226 | High Courts' power to issue writs |
The "hot" Articles examiners love (Parts IX–XXII)
| Article | Deals with |
|---|
| Article 243 | Panchayati Raj (73rd Amendment) and Municipalities (74th Amendment) |
| Article 266 | Consolidated Fund of India |
| Article 267 | Contingency Fund of India |
| Article 280 | Finance Commission |
| Article 300A | Right to property (a legal right since the 44th Amendment) |
| Article 312 | All-India Services |
| Article 315 | Public Service Commissions (UPSC and State PSCs) |
| Article 324 | Election Commission of India |
| Article 326 | Universal adult suffrage |
| Article 338 | National Commission for Scheduled Castes |
| Article 343 | Hindi in Devanagari script as the official language of the Union |
| Article 352 | National Emergency |
| Article 356 | President's Rule in a State |
| Article 360 | Financial Emergency |
| Article 368 | Power of Parliament to amend the Constitution |
| Article 370 | Special provisions for Jammu & Kashmir (abrogated in effect, August 2019 - still asked!) |
How to revise this list so it sticks
Don't memorise the table top to bottom. Learn it in five stories: (1) Rights run 12–35 with 14–19–21–32 as the spine; (2) the President's block starts at 52, Parliament at 79, Supreme Court at 124; (3) the State mirrors the Union roughly 100 Articles later - Governor 153, High Court 214; (4) money lives in the 260s–280 (Consolidated Fund 266, Finance Commission 280); (5) emergencies are the 350s and amendment is 368. Once these anchors are fixed, neighbouring Articles hang off them naturally. Then attempt 25 Polity questions in a timed set on Pareeksha practice - recall under a clock is the only recall that counts in the exam hall.
Frequently asked questions
Which Article is called the 'heart and soul' of the Constitution?
Article 32 (Right to Constitutional Remedies). Dr B. R. Ambedkar used this phrase for it in the Constituent Assembly - one of the most repeated one-mark questions in SSC exams.
Which Articles are most frequently asked in SSC and RRB exams?
Articles 14–32 (Fundamental Rights), 52–75 (President and Council of Ministers), 110 (Money Bill), 112 (Budget), 280 (Finance Commission), 324 (Election Commission), 352/356/360 (Emergencies) and 368 (Amendment) account for the large majority of Polity questions.
How many Fundamental Duties are there and where are they listed?
Eleven Fundamental Duties, listed in Article 51A (Part IVA). Ten were added by the 42nd Amendment in 1976; the eleventh (education of children aged 6–14) was added by the 86th Amendment in 2002.