Data Interpretation and Advanced Numerical Ability

3A.1 Tabular Data Interpretation

Tabular DI questions present data in a grid (rows and columns) and ask you to compute totals, averages, ratios, and percentage changes across rows or columns. Always identify exactly which row/column the question refers to before calculating.

Worked Example: A table shows the number of loans disbursed by a bank over four years: 2022: 1,200; 2023: 1,500; 2024: 1,800; 2025: 2,100. What is the percentage increase from 2022 to 2025?

Solution: Increase = 2,100 − 1,200 = 900. Percentage increase = (900/1,200) × 100 = 75%.

3A.2 Bar Graph and Pie Chart Interpretation

Bar graphs show discrete category comparisons, while pie charts show proportional shares of a whole (360° = 100%). A common pie-chart calculation converts a given percentage into a degree measure: percentage × 3.6 = degrees.

3A.3 Simplification and Approximation

Speed in simplification comes from recognising common patterns: squares up to 30, cubes up to 15, and fraction-to-percentage equivalents (1/8 = 12.5%, 1/6 ≈ 16.67%, 1/3 ≈ 33.33%).

3A.4 Simple and Compound Interest (Banking Context)

Banking exams frequently test interest calculations because they mirror real banking operations. Simple Interest = (P × R × T)/100. Compound Interest (annual compounding) = P × (1 + R/100) raised to the power T, minus P.

3A.5 Ratio, Proportion, and Partnership

Partnership problems divide profit in the ratio of (capital invested × time invested) for each partner — not capital alone, unless all partners invested for the same duration.

3A.6 Practice Set (10 MCQs)

1. A table shows a bank's quarterly deposits: Q1: ₹40 crore, Q2: ₹50 crore, Q3: ₹65 crore, Q4: ₹85 crore. What is the percentage increase from Q1 to Q4?
   (a) 112.5% (b) 100% (c) 90% (d) 125%
2. In a pie chart, a bank's home loan segment occupies 90° out of 360°. What percentage of the total loan portfolio does this represent?
   (a) 25% (b) 20% (c) 30% (d) 15%
3. Simplify: 15% of 480 + 25% of 200.
   (a) 122 (b) 132 (c) 142 (d) 152
4. Find the compound interest on ₹20,000 at 10% per annum for 2 years, compounded annually.
   (a) ₹4200 (b) ₹4000 (c) ₹4400 (d) ₹4800
5. Three partners A, B, C invest ₹20,000, ₹30,000, and ₹50,000 respectively for one year. If the total profit is ₹40,000, find A's share.
   (a) ₹8,000 (b) ₹10,000 (c) ₹12,000 (d) ₹6,000
6. A sum of ₹8,000 is invested at simple interest and amounts to ₹9,600 in 4 years. Find the rate of interest per annum.
   (a) 5% (b) 6% (c) 8% (d) 4%
7. A bar graph shows a company's annual revenue in lakhs: 2022: 50, 2023: 60, 2024: 75, 2025: 90. What was the percentage growth from 2023 to 2024?
   (a) 20% (b) 25% (c) 15% (d) 30%
8. Find the value of: (144 × 3) ÷ 12 + 18.
   (a) 54 (b) 52 (c) 56 (d) 50
9. A sum doubles itself in 10 years at simple interest. Find the rate of interest.
   (a) 10% (b) 12% (c) 8% (d) 15%
10. In a pie chart representing a bank's expense categories, "salaries" occupies 40% of the total. If the total expense is ₹25 crore, what is the salary expense?
    (a) ₹10 crore (b) ₹8 crore (c) ₹12 crore (d) ₹15 crore

Answer Key:

1.(a) Increase = 85 − 40 = 45; percentage increase = (45/40) × 100 = 112.5%.

2.(a) Percentage = (90/360) × 100 = 25%.

3.(a) 15% of 480 = 72; 25% of 200 = 50; sum = 72 + 50 = 122.

4.(a) CI = 20,000 × (1.1)² − 20,000 = 20,000 × 1.21 − 20,000 = 24,200 − 20,000 = ₹4,200.

5.(a) Total investment = 20,000+30,000+50,000 = 1,00,000; A's share = (20,000/1,00,000) × 40,000 = ₹8,000.

6.(a) Interest earned = 9,600 − 8,000 = 1,600; rate = (1,600 × 100)/(8,000 × 4) = 5%.

7.(b) Increase = 75 − 60 = 15; percentage growth = (15/60) × 100 = 25%.

8.(a) (144 × 3) ÷ 12 + 18 = 432 ÷ 12 + 18 = 36 + 18 = 54.

9.(a) If a sum doubles in 10 years, the interest equals the principal over 10 years, meaning the rate is 100%/10 = 10% per annum.

10.(a) Salary expense = 40% of ₹25 crore = ₹10 crore.