Appendix B Timed mixed practice

These four sets draw from the 550 chapter questions. Suggested practice time is a study aid; follow the current notification and actual examination instructions.

Practice set 1

01. A passage that explains a topic using facts, definitions and steps is called

A. Narrative

B. Sarcastic

C. Expository

D. Descriptive

02. The writer's attitude toward a subject is called the

A. Theme

B. Setting

C. Plot

D. Tone

03. In reading comprehension, answers should be based on

A. The reader's own knowledge

B. The passage itself

C. The longest option

D. The most popular opinion

04. A good title for a passage should

A. Cover the whole passage

B. Use only the first line

C. Be as long as possible

D. Name one small detail

05. An inference is

A. A word-for-word copy of a line

B. An opinion unrelated to the text

C. A guess with no support

D. A conclusion drawn from stated information

06. Which type of passage mainly tells a story or an event?

A. Argumentative

B. Narrative

C. Scientific

D. Expository

07. Which type of passage defends a point of view?

A. Argumentative

B. Factual

C. Descriptive

D. Narrative

08. Words like "but" and "however" often give which kind of clue?

A. Rhyme clue

B. Example clue

C. Contrast clue

D. Definition clue

09. Options that use "always" or "never" are often

A. Correct

B. Definitions

C. Too extreme

D. Neutral

10. In an "except" question, the best method is to

A. Find three true statements and choose the one left

B. Pick the longest option

C. Ignore the passage

D. Guess the first option

11. A passage that gives the steps of a process mainly aims to

A. Entertain

B. Inform

C. Mock

D. Persuade

12. "Although he was frugal, his brother spent freely." Here "frugal" means

A. Tall

B. Angry

C. Wasteful

D. Careful with money

13. "The old library opens for only two hours each evening, yet children queue at its gate before it opens." From this we can infer that the children

A. Have no school

B. Are paid to wait

C. Value the library

D. Dislike the library

14. "The minister gave a candid reply and did not hide that the project was late." "Candid" means

A. Honest and open

B. Brief

C. Evasive

D. Angry

15. "Many farmers use mobile phones to check weather and market prices. Some say they no longer depend on middlemen for price information." The best title is

A. Cost of Mobile Phones

B. Dangers of Middlemen

C. Weather and Storms

D. Phones Help Farmers Decide

16. "The bus was late again. The conductor shrugged. 'Punctuality,' he said, 'is a rare virtue on this route.'" The conductor's remark is

A. Admiring

B. Sarcastic

C. Neutral

D. Fearful

17. "Sita practised daily for months. On the day of the race she crossed the line first." Which is the safest inference?

A. Practice helped her success

B. She was the youngest runner

C. She trained with a coach

D. She never lost a race

18. "The shopkeeper kept the shop open late on festival days, as many customers came after dark." Why did he keep it open late?

A. He had no home

B. The law required it

C. He disliked sleep

D. His customers came after dark

19. In the sentence "The river will bear the weight of the boat," the word "bear" means

A. Animal

B. Give birth

C. Carry or support

D. Tolerate

20. In "He paid a fine for parking in the wrong place," the word "fine" means

A. Thin

B. A penalty

C. Pleasant

D. Of good quality

21. "The scientist's claim was dismissed as baseless, since no experiment supported it." "Baseless" means

A. Heavy

B. Famous

C. Complicated

D. Without support

22. A title such as "Weather" for a passage about farmers using phones for weather, prices and markets is poor because it is

A. Too funny

B. Too long

C. Too narrow

D. Opposite

23. Which of these is an OPINION?

A. The plan is the best one ever made.

B. The report has three parts.

C. The school opens at nine.

D. The road is five metres wide.

24. Consider these statements. 1. Tone is the writer's attitude. 2. Topic and tone mean the same thing.

A. 1 only

B. 2 only

C. Both 1 and 2

D. Neither 1 nor 2

25. Consider these statements. 1. Context decides which meaning of a word is used. 2. The first dictionary meaning always fits.

A. 1 only

B. 2 only

C. Both 1 and 2

D. Neither 1 nor 2

Answer key and explanations

01. C — An expository passage explains. Use the passage as the evidence boundary: choose only an answer directly stated or safely inferred from its wording.

02. D — Tone is the author's attitude. Use the passage as the evidence boundary: choose only an answer directly stated or safely inferred from its wording.

03. B — Answers must be supported by the text. Use the passage as the evidence boundary: choose only an answer directly stated or safely inferred from its wording.

04. A — A title must represent the entire passage. Use the passage as the evidence boundary: choose only an answer directly stated or safely inferred from its wording.

05. D — An inference is supported by the passage. Use the passage as the evidence boundary: choose only an answer directly stated or safely inferred from its wording.

06. B — Narrative passages tell stories or events in time order. Use the passage as the evidence boundary: choose only an answer directly stated or safely inferred from its wording.

07. A — Argumentative passages give reasons for a view. Use the passage as the evidence boundary: choose only an answer directly stated or safely inferred from its wording.

08. C — They show a contrast with a nearby idea. Use the passage as the evidence boundary: choose only an answer directly stated or safely inferred from its wording.

09. C — Extreme words usually go beyond the passage. Use the passage as the evidence boundary: choose only an answer directly stated or safely inferred from its wording.

10. A — Three options are supported; the exception is not. Use the passage as the evidence boundary: choose only an answer directly stated or safely inferred from its wording.

11. B — Giving steps is mainly informing. Use the passage as the evidence boundary: choose only an answer directly stated or safely inferred from its wording.

12. D — The contrast with "spent freely" shows frugal means thrifty. Use the passage as the evidence boundary: choose only an answer directly stated or safely inferred from its wording.

13. C — Waiting early shows they value it. Use the passage as the evidence boundary: choose only an answer directly stated or safely inferred from its wording.

14. A — The clue is "did not hide the fact". Use the passage as the evidence boundary: choose only an answer directly stated or safely inferred from its wording.

15. D — The passage is about phones helping farmers decide and earn. Use the passage as the evidence boundary: choose only an answer directly stated or safely inferred from its wording.

16. B — He says the opposite of the real situation to mock the delays. Use the passage as the evidence boundary: choose only an answer directly stated or safely inferred from its wording.

17. A — Only the link between practice and success is supported. Use the passage as the evidence boundary: choose only an answer directly stated or safely inferred from its wording.

18. D — The reason is stated directly. Use the passage as the evidence boundary: choose only an answer directly stated or safely inferred from its wording.

19. C — The context is about holding weight. Use the passage as the evidence boundary: choose only an answer directly stated or safely inferred from its wording.

20. B — A fine for wrong parking is a penalty. Use the passage as the evidence boundary: choose only an answer directly stated or safely inferred from its wording.

21. D — The clue is "no experiment supported it". Use the passage as the evidence boundary: choose only an answer directly stated or safely inferred from its wording.

22. C — It covers only one detail of the passage. Use the passage as the evidence boundary: choose only an answer directly stated or safely inferred from its wording.

23. A — "Best ever" is a judgement, not a stated fact. Use the passage as the evidence boundary: choose only an answer directly stated or safely inferred from its wording.

24. A — Topic is the subject; tone is attitude. Use the passage as the evidence boundary: choose only an answer directly stated or safely inferred from its wording.

25. A — Context, not the first meaning, decides. Use the passage as the evidence boundary: choose only an answer directly stated or safely inferred from its wording.

Practice set 2

01. Consider these statements. 1. A good title covers the whole passage. 2. A title built from one small detail is usually too narrow.

A. 1 only

B. 2 only

C. Both 1 and 2

D. Neither 1 nor 2

02. Read: "Ravi left home early. He reached the station an hour before the train." Consider these statements. 1. Ravi was early. 2. Ravi missed the train.

A. 1 only

B. 2 only

C. Both 1 and 2

D. Neither 1 nor 2

03. Read: "The village has a well, a school and a clinic." Consider these statements. 1. The village has a school. 2. The village has a bank.

A. 1 only

B. 2 only

C. Both 1 and 2

D. Neither 1 nor 2

04. Read: "Heavy rains flooded the fields, and the harvest was delayed by a week." Consider these statements. 1. The rain delayed the harvest. 2. The harvest was destroyed.

A. 1 only

B. 2 only

C. Both 1 and 2

D. Neither 1 nor 2

05. Match the word with a context clue type.

A. "unfortunately" - definition clue

B. "but" - contrast clue

C. "which means" - contrast clue

D. "for example" - contrast clue

06. Read: "Most birds fly south in winter. The Arctic tern, however, flies from pole to pole." The word "however" shows

A. Example

B. Contrast

C. Cause

D. Time

07. Read: "Few people complained about the new rule, yet the council withdrew it." Which inference is best?

A. The rule was loved by all

B. The council was forced by a court

C. Nobody lived in the city

D. The council cared about public feeling or other reasons

08. Read: "The author praises the speed of the new train but warns that the tickets are costly." The author's attitude is

A. Fully admiring

B. Angry

C. Sarcastic

D. Mixed

09. Read: "The city built more flyovers, and traffic grew heavier than before." Which conclusion is NOT supported?

A. Traffic remained a problem

B. Flyovers caused all the traffic

C. Flyovers did not end heavy traffic

D. Traffic grew after the flyovers

10. Read: "Unlike his gregarious sister, Mohan preferred to stay at home with a book." "Gregarious" means

A. Quiet

B. Rich

C. Fond of company

D. Forgetful

11. Read: "It is a pity that the bridge, once a pride of the town, now lies neglected." The tone is

A. Joyful

B. Regretful

C. Humorous

D. Angry

12. Read: "The festival draws crowds, boosts trade and keeps old crafts alive." The main idea is that the festival

A. Is very old

B. Is held in winter

C. Harms local trade

D. Has several benefits

13. Read: "The report was lengthy and tedious, and few readers finished it." "Tedious" means

A. Accurate

B. Colourful

C. Boring

D. Brief

14. Which approach saves time when a passage is hard?

A. Pause at each difficult word

B. Read the full sentence and guess from clues

C. Skip the questions

D. Memorise every line

15. Choose the correct form: "The news ___ good."

A. have been

B. are

C. were

D. is

16. Choose the correct form: "She has been working here ___ 2018."

A. during

B. for

C. since

D. from

17. Choose the correct form: "He has lived here ___ ten years."

A. by

B. from

C. since

D. for

18. Fill in the blank: "___ hour has passed."

A. A

B. An

C. No article

D. The

19. Fill in the blank: "He is ___ university student."

A. an

B. no article

C. a

D. the

20. Fill in the blank: "She is afraid ___ snakes."

A. of

B. at

C. with

D. from

21. Fill in the blank: "I prefer tea ___ coffee."

A. than

B. to

C. from

D. over

22. Choose the correct sentence.

A. I knowing him.

B. I am know him.

C. I am knowing him.

D. I know him.

23. Choose the correct form: "Mathematics ___ a difficult subject."

A. were

B. are

C. is

D. have

24. Fill in the blank: "He is good ___ drawing."

A. in

B. on

C. at

D. for

25. Fill in the blank: "She goes to ___ school every day to study."

A. no article

B. a

C. the

D. an

Answer key and explanations

01. C — Both statements are correct. Use the passage as the evidence boundary: choose only an answer directly stated or safely inferred from its wording.

02. A — He was early; nothing shows he missed the train. Use the passage as the evidence boundary: choose only an answer directly stated or safely inferred from its wording.

03. A — A bank is not mentioned. Use the passage as the evidence boundary: choose only an answer directly stated or safely inferred from its wording.

04. A — It was delayed, not destroyed. Use the passage as the evidence boundary: choose only an answer directly stated or safely inferred from its wording.

05. B — "But" signals contrast. Use the passage as the evidence boundary: choose only an answer directly stated or safely inferred from its wording.

06. B — "However" introduces a contrast with the rule just given. Use the passage as the evidence boundary: choose only an answer directly stated or safely inferred from its wording.

07. D — Only a cautious inference is supported; the others add facts. Use the passage as the evidence boundary: choose only an answer directly stated or safely inferred from its wording.

08. D — He praises one aspect and criticises another. Use the passage as the evidence boundary: choose only an answer directly stated or safely inferred from its wording.

09. B — The passage does not say flyovers caused it. Use the passage as the evidence boundary: choose only an answer directly stated or safely inferred from its wording.

10. C — "Unlike" shows that gregarious is the opposite of staying alone. Use the passage as the evidence boundary: choose only an answer directly stated or safely inferred from its wording.

11. B — "It is a pity" shows regret. Use the passage as the evidence boundary: choose only an answer directly stated or safely inferred from its wording.

12. D — It lists three benefits. Use the passage as the evidence boundary: choose only an answer directly stated or safely inferred from its wording.

13. C — Few finished it, which suggests it was boring. Use the passage as the evidence boundary: choose only an answer directly stated or safely inferred from its wording.

14. B — Context clues usually reveal the meaning. Use the passage as the evidence boundary: choose only an answer directly stated or safely inferred from its wording.

15. D — "News" is singular in meaning. Check the verb pattern, time marker and subject before selecting a form; nearby words do not replace the grammatical head.

16. C — "Since" is used with a point in time. Check the verb pattern, time marker and subject before selecting a form; nearby words do not replace the grammatical head.

17. D — "For" is used with a period. Check the verb pattern, time marker and subject before selecting a form; nearby words do not replace the grammatical head.

18. B — "Hour" begins with a vowel sound. Check the verb pattern, time marker and subject before selecting a form; nearby words do not replace the grammatical head.

19. C — "University" begins with a consonant sound /ju/. Check the verb pattern, time marker and subject before selecting a form; nearby words do not replace the grammatical head.

20. A — "Afraid of" is the fixed form. Check the verb pattern, time marker and subject before selecting a form; nearby words do not replace the grammatical head.

21. B — "Prefer ... to" is correct. Check the verb pattern, time marker and subject before selecting a form; nearby words do not replace the grammatical head.

22. D — "Know" is not used in the continuous form. Check the verb pattern, time marker and subject before selecting a form; nearby words do not replace the grammatical head.

23. C — Mathematics is singular. Check the verb pattern, time marker and subject before selecting a form; nearby words do not replace the grammatical head.

24. C — "Good at" is the fixed form. Check the verb pattern, time marker and subject before selecting a form; nearby words do not replace the grammatical head.

25. A — "School" for its main purpose takes no article. Check the verb pattern, time marker and subject before selecting a form; nearby words do not replace the grammatical head.

Practice set 3

01. Fill in the blank: "___ Godavari is a long river."

A. An

B. No article

C. A

D. The

02. Choose the correct form: "The train ___ when we reached the station."

A. leaves

B. had left

C. has left

D. left

03. Choose the correct form: "A number of students ___ absent today."

A. is

B. are

C. was

D. has

04. Choose the correct form: "The number of students ___ large."

A. are

B. have

C. is

D. were

05. Choose the correct form: "Neither the boys nor the teacher ___ late."

A. were

B. have

C. are

D. is

06. Choose the correct form: "The captain, along with his players, ___ here."

A. is

B. are

C. were

D. have

07. Choose the correct form: "Each of the boys ___ a pen."

A. have

B. are

C. has

D. were

08. Choose the correct form: "The scissors ___ on the table."

A. was

B. are

C. is

D. has

09. Choose the correct form: "Many a student ___ failed."

A. has

B. have

C. are

D. were

10. Fill in the blank: "He died ___ cancer."

A. by

B. with

C. from

D. of

11. Fill in the blank: "She is married ___ a doctor."

A. to

B. by

C. from

D. with

12. Fill in the blank: "The teacher congratulated him ___ his success."

A. at

B. on

C. about

D. for

13. Fill in the blank: "The bag is different ___ mine."

A. with

B. to

C. from

D. than

14. He sat ___ the two girls; one was on his left and the other was on his right.

A. beside

B. among

C. besides

D. between

15. Consider these statements. 1. "A" is used before the sound of a consonant. 2. "An" is used before the letter "u" always.

A. 1 only

B. 2 only

C. Both 1 and 2

D. Neither 1 nor 2

16. Consider these statements. 1. "Since" is used with a period of time. 2. "For" is used with a period of time.

A. 1 only

B. 2 only

C. Both 1 and 2

D. Neither 1 nor 2

17. Consider these statements. 1. "Each" takes a singular verb. 2. "A number of" takes a singular verb.

A. 1 only

B. 2 only

C. Both 1 and 2

D. Neither 1 nor 2

18. Consider these statements. 1. "Furniture" is an uncountable noun. 2. We say "a furniture".

A. 1 only

B. 2 only

C. Both 1 and 2

D. Neither 1 nor 2

19. Consider these statements. 1. "Beside" means next to. 2. "Besides" means in addition to.

A. 1 only

B. 2 only

C. Both 1 and 2

D. Neither 1 nor 2

20. Consider these statements. 1. Rivers take "the". 2. Names of cities take "the".

A. 1 only

B. 2 only

C. Both 1 and 2

D. Neither 1 nor 2

21. Consider these statements. 1. In a standard present-state meaning, verbs such as “love” and “want” are generally not used in the continuous form. 2. “I am wanting a pen” is the usual form for a present need.

A. 1 only

B. 2 only

C. Both 1 and 2

D. Neither 1 nor 2

22. Match the verb with its preposition.

A. interested - of

B. depend - at

C. proud - to

D. prevent - from

23. Match the tense with its form.

A. Future perfect - will + V1

B. Past continuous - has + V3

C. Present perfect - had + V3

D. Past perfect - had + V3

24. Choose the correct form: "Bread and butter ___ my usual breakfast."

A. were

B. is

C. have

D. are

25. Choose the correct form: "He is one of the boys who ___ honest."

A. is

B. has

C. are

D. was

Answer key and explanations

01. D — Rivers take "the". Check the verb pattern, time marker and subject before selecting a form; nearby words do not replace the grammatical head.

02. B — The earlier of two past actions uses the past perfect. Check the verb pattern, time marker and subject before selecting a form; nearby words do not replace the grammatical head.

03. B — "A number of" takes a plural verb. Check the verb pattern, time marker and subject before selecting a form; nearby words do not replace the grammatical head.

04. C — "The number of" takes a singular verb. Check the verb pattern, time marker and subject before selecting a form; nearby words do not replace the grammatical head.

05. D — The verb agrees with the nearer subject, "teacher". Check the verb pattern, time marker and subject before selecting a form; nearby words do not replace the grammatical head.

06. A — "Along with" does not change the verb; the subject is "captain". Check the verb pattern, time marker and subject before selecting a form; nearby words do not replace the grammatical head.

07. C — "Each" is singular. Check the verb pattern, time marker and subject before selecting a form; nearby words do not replace the grammatical head.

08. B — "Scissors" is always plural. Check the verb pattern, time marker and subject before selecting a form; nearby words do not replace the grammatical head.

09. A — "Many a" takes a singular verb. Check the verb pattern, time marker and subject before selecting a form; nearby words do not replace the grammatical head.

10. D — A disease takes "die of". Check the verb pattern, time marker and subject before selecting a form; nearby words do not replace the grammatical head.

11. A — "Married to" is the fixed form. Check the verb pattern, time marker and subject before selecting a form; nearby words do not replace the grammatical head.

12. B — "Congratulate ... on" is the fixed form. Check the verb pattern, time marker and subject before selecting a form; nearby words do not replace the grammatical head.

13. C — "Different from" is the correct form. Check the verb pattern, time marker and subject before selecting a form; nearby words do not replace the grammatical head.

14. D — "Between" is for two. Check the verb pattern, time marker and subject before selecting a form; nearby words do not replace the grammatical head.

15. A — Sound decides: "a university", "an umbrella". Check the verb pattern, time marker and subject before selecting a form; nearby words do not replace the grammatical head.

16. B — "Since" is for a point of time. Check the verb pattern, time marker and subject before selecting a form; nearby words do not replace the grammatical head.

17. A — "A number of" takes a plural verb. Check the verb pattern, time marker and subject before selecting a form; nearby words do not replace the grammatical head.

18. A — Uncountable nouns take no "a". Check the verb pattern, time marker and subject before selecting a form; nearby words do not replace the grammatical head.

19. C — Both are correct. Check the verb pattern, time marker and subject before selecting a form; nearby words do not replace the grammatical head.

20. A — City names take no article. Check the verb pattern, time marker and subject before selecting a form; nearby words do not replace the grammatical head.

21. A — Stative verbs avoid the continuous form. Check the verb pattern, time marker and subject before selecting a form; nearby words do not replace the grammatical head.

22. D — We say "prevent ... from". Check the verb pattern, time marker and subject before selecting a form; nearby words do not replace the grammatical head.

23. D — Past perfect is "had + V3". Check the verb pattern, time marker and subject before selecting a form; nearby words do not replace the grammatical head.

24. B — Two items forming one idea take a singular verb. Check the verb pattern, time marker and subject before selecting a form; nearby words do not replace the grammatical head.

25. C — "Who" refers to the plural "boys". Check the verb pattern, time marker and subject before selecting a form; nearby words do not replace the grammatical head.

Practice set 4

01. Choose the correct form: "Either the teacher or the students ___ responsible."

A. was

B. are

C. is

D. has

02. Choose the sentence that is correct.

A. He is senior over me.

B. He is senior than me.

C. He is senior to me.

D. He is senior from me.

03. Fill in the blank: "By next June, she ___ her course."

A. will finish

B. finished

C. has finished

D. will have finished

04. Fill in the blank: "She is ___ honest girl."

A. a

B. the

C. no article

D. an

05. The passive voice is formed with a form of "be" plus the

A. V1

B. V3

C. V2

D. V-ing

06. Passive of "She writes a letter."

A. A letter has written by her.

B. A letter was written by her.

C. A letter is written by her.

D. A letter is writing by her.

07. Passive of "They built a bridge."

A. A bridge is built by them.

B. A bridge has been built by them.

C. A bridge was built by them.

D. A bridge built by them.

08. Which sentence cannot be changed into the passive?

A. He opened the door.

B. He wrote a poem.

C. He eats rice.

D. He sleeps.

09. In reported speech, "tomorrow" usually becomes

A. yesterday

B. the next day

C. the previous day

D. today

10. In reported speech, "now" usually becomes

A. ago

B. here

C. then

D. there

11. "He said, 'I am tired.'" In indirect speech this is

A. He says he was tired.

B. He said that I am tired.

C. He said that he is tired yesterday.

D. He said that he was tired.

12. Which conjunction means "if not"?

A. Unless

B. Although

C. Since

D. Because

13. "No sooner had he arrived ___ it began to rain."

A. then

B. than

C. that

D. when

14. "Hardly had he come ___ it rained."

A. so

B. that

C. when

D. than

15. Which modal expresses permission in formal English?

A. ought

B. used to

C. dare

D. may

16. Which is the correct question tag? "She is a nurse, ___?"

A. isn't she

B. doesn't she

C. is she

D. wasn't she

17. The correct question tag for "I am late" is

A. isn't I

B. aren't I

C. don't I

D. amn't I

18. Passive of "She is writing a letter."

A. A letter was being written by her.

B. A letter is written by her.

C. A letter is being written by her.

D. A letter has been written by her.

19. Passive of "Who wrote this book?"

A. By whom was this book written?

B. By whom is this book wrote?

C. Who was written by this book?

D. Who had this book written?

20. Passive of "Open the door."

A. The door is opened.

B. Let the door be opened.

C. The door was opened.

D. Door open by you.

21. Passive of "They laughed at him."

A. He laughed at them.

B. He was laughed by them.

C. He is laughed at by them.

D. He was laughed at by them.

22. Passive of "She has finished the work."

A. The work has been finished by her.

B. The work was finished by her.

C. The work is finished by her.

D. The work had been finished by her.

23. Change to indirect speech: She said, "I will come tomorrow."

A. She said that she will come tomorrow.

B. She said that she would come the next day.

C. She said that she would come tomorrow.

D. She said that I would come the next day.

24. Change to indirect speech: He asked, "Where do you live?"

A. He asked that where I lived.

B. He asked where did I live.

C. He asked where I lived.

D. He asked where I live.

25. Change to indirect speech: She said to me, "Are you ready?"

A. She asked me was I ready.

B. She told me if I was ready.

C. She asked me that I was ready.

D. She asked me if I was ready.

Answer key and explanations

01. B — The nearer subject is plural. Check the verb pattern, time marker and subject before selecting a form; nearby words do not replace the grammatical head.

02. C — "Senior to" is the fixed form. Check the verb pattern, time marker and subject before selecting a form; nearby words do not replace the grammatical head.

03. D — Future perfect is used for an action complete by a future time. Check the verb pattern, time marker and subject before selecting a form; nearby words do not replace the grammatical head.

04. D — "Honest" begins with a vowel sound because the "h" is silent. Check the verb pattern, time marker and subject before selecting a form; nearby words do not replace the grammatical head.

05. B — The passive uses "be + past participle". Identify the grammatical relationship first, then keep the same tense, voice, pronoun reference and clause order through the transformation.

06. C — Simple present passive is "is/am/are + V3". Identify the grammatical relationship first, then keep the same tense, voice, pronoun reference and clause order through the transformation.

07. C — Simple past takes "was/were + V3". Identify the grammatical relationship first, then keep the same tense, voice, pronoun reference and clause order through the transformation.

08. D — An intransitive verb has no object, so no passive. Identify the grammatical relationship first, then keep the same tense, voice, pronoun reference and clause order through the transformation.

09. B — "Tomorrow" becomes "the next day". Identify the grammatical relationship first, then keep the same tense, voice, pronoun reference and clause order through the transformation.

10. C — "Now" becomes "then". Identify the grammatical relationship first, then keep the same tense, voice, pronoun reference and clause order through the transformation.

11. D — Present becomes past after a past reporting verb. Identify the grammatical relationship first, then keep the same tense, voice, pronoun reference and clause order through the transformation.

12. A — "Unless" means "if not". Identify the grammatical relationship first, then keep the same tense, voice, pronoun reference and clause order through the transformation.

13. B — "No sooner" is followed by "than". Identify the grammatical relationship first, then keep the same tense, voice, pronoun reference and clause order through the transformation.

14. C — "Hardly" is followed by "when". Identify the grammatical relationship first, then keep the same tense, voice, pronoun reference and clause order through the transformation.

15. D — "May" is used for formal permission. Identify the grammatical relationship first, then keep the same tense, voice, pronoun reference and clause order through the transformation.

16. A — A positive statement takes a negative tag. Identify the grammatical relationship first, then keep the same tense, voice, pronoun reference and clause order through the transformation.

17. B — "Aren't I" is the standard tag for "I am". Identify the grammatical relationship first, then keep the same tense, voice, pronoun reference and clause order through the transformation.

18. C — Present continuous becomes "is/are being + V3". Identify the grammatical relationship first, then keep the same tense, voice, pronoun reference and clause order through the transformation.

19. A — "Who" becomes "by whom" in the passive. Identify the grammatical relationship first, then keep the same tense, voice, pronoun reference and clause order through the transformation.

20. B — Imperatives use "Let ... be + V3". Identify the grammatical relationship first, then keep the same tense, voice, pronoun reference and clause order through the transformation.

21. D — The preposition stays with the verb. Identify the grammatical relationship first, then keep the same tense, voice, pronoun reference and clause order through the transformation.

22. A — Present perfect becomes "has/have been + V3". Identify the grammatical relationship first, then keep the same tense, voice, pronoun reference and clause order through the transformation.

23. B — "Will" becomes "would", and "tomorrow" becomes "the next day". Identify the grammatical relationship first, then keep the same tense, voice, pronoun reference and clause order through the transformation.

24. C — A reported wh-question uses normal word order and the past tense. Identify the grammatical relationship first, then keep the same tense, voice, pronoun reference and clause order through the transformation.

25. D — A yes/no question is reported with "if" or "whether". Identify the grammatical relationship first, then keep the same tense, voice, pronoun reference and clause order through the transformation.