General Science and Technology Capsule

This chapter supplements Chapter 4 with a focused practice set on general science facts and everyday technology awareness frequently tested in Delhi Police Constable General Knowledge sections.

Practice Set (10 MCQs)

1. Which organ in the human body is primarily responsible for filtering blood and producing urine?
   (a) Kidney (b) Liver (c) Pancreas (d) Spleen
2. What is the chemical symbol for sodium?
   (a) Na (b) So (c) Sd (d) Sn
3. Which vitamin deficiency causes scurvy?
   (a) Vitamin C (b) Vitamin A (c) Vitamin D (d) Vitamin B12
4. Which gas is most abundant in the Earth's atmosphere?
   (a) Nitrogen (b) Oxygen (c) Carbon dioxide (d) Argon
5. The SI unit of electric current is:
   (a) Ampere (b) Volt (c) Ohm (d) Watt
6. Which part of the human body is affected by the disease "arthritis"?
   (a) Joints (b) Lungs (c) Liver (d) Heart
7. Which of the following is used as a moderator in nuclear reactors?
   (a) Heavy water (b) Ordinary water (c) Mercury (d) Kerosene
8. Which blood group is known as the "universal donor"?
   (a) O negative (b) AB positive (c) A positive (d) B negative
9. What is the process by which green plants prepare their own food using sunlight called?
   (a) Photosynthesis (b) Respiration (c) Transpiration (d) Fermentation
10. Which of these is a non-renewable source of energy?
    (a) Coal (b) Solar energy (c) Wind energy (d) Tidal energy

Answer Key with Explanations

1.(a) The kidney filters blood and produces urine as part of the excretory system.

2.(a) The chemical symbol for sodium is "Na," derived from its Latin name "natrium."

3.(a) A deficiency of Vitamin C causes scurvy, characterised by bleeding gums and fatigue.

4.(a) Nitrogen makes up about 78% of the Earth's atmosphere, making it the most abundant gas.

5.(a) The SI unit of electric current is the Ampere.

6.(a) Arthritis is a disease that affects the joints, causing inflammation and pain.

7.(a) Heavy water is commonly used as a moderator in nuclear reactors to slow down neutrons.

8.(a) O negative blood is known as the "universal donor" because it can be given to patients of any blood group.

9.(a) Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants prepare their own food using sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide.

10.(a) Coal is a non-renewable source of energy, formed over millions of years and not replenished on a human timescale.