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← Index: Percentage — Complete Exam Mastery GuideChapter 19
Study Guide · Chapter 19

3.19 Practice Question Set B — Moderate / Exam Level

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  1. (Price–Consumption) The price of sugar increases by 20%. By what percentage should a family reduce its consumption so that its expenditure remains unchanged?
    1. 15% (b) 16.67% (c) 20% (d) 25%
  2. (Successive Discount) Two successive discounts of 20% and 10% are equivalent to a single discount of:
    1. 27% (b) 28% (c) 30% (d) 32%
  3. (Population, Two Years) The population of a village was 20,000. It increased by 10% in the first year and decreased by 10% in the second year. Find the population after two years.
    1. 19,600 (b) 19,800 (c) 20,000 (d) 20,200
  4. (Successive Same %) A number is first increased by 30% and then decreased by 30%. Find the net percentage change.
    1. 0% (b) −3% (c) −6% (d) −9%
  5. (Election) In an election, 10% of the 12,000 total voters cast invalid votes. The winning candidate secured 55% of the valid votes. Find the winning margin (in votes).
    1. 900 (b) 960 (c) 1,080 (d) 1,200
  6. (A more than B) Rahul’s income is 25% more than Sanjay’s income. By what percent is Sanjay’s income less than Rahul’s?
    1. 15% (b) 16.67% (c) 20% (d) 25%
  7. (Pass/Fail Marks) A student needs 40% marks to pass an exam. He scored 150 marks and failed by 30 marks. Find the maximum marks.
    1. 400 (b) 450 (c) 480 (d) 500
  8. (Area Change) The length and breadth of a rectangle are increased by 10% and 20% respectively. Find the percentage increase in its area.
    1. 25% (b) 28% (c) 30% (d) 32%
  9. (Product Constant) In a factory, the number of workers was reduced by 20%, and the wages of each worker were increased by 25%. What is the percentage change in the total wage bill?
    1. 4% decrease (b) 0% (no change) (c) 5% increase (d) 10% decrease
  10. (Successive Same % with Actual Value) A man’s salary is first increased by 10% and then decreased by 10%. If his original salary was ₹20,000, find his new salary.
    1. ₹19,600 (b) ₹19,800 (c) ₹19,900 (d) ₹20,000
  11. (Expenditure as % of Income) In a family, expenditure is 50% of income. If income increases by 10% and expenditure increases by 32%, find the new expenditure as a percentage of the new income.
    1. 50% (b) 55% (c) 60% (d) 65%
  12. (Markup and Discount) A trader marks up his goods by 40% and then offers a discount of 25% on the marked price. Find his net profit or loss percentage.
    1. 0% (b) 5% loss (c) 5% profit (d) 10% profit
  13. (Price–Consumption, Decrease) If the price of petrol decreases by 20%, by what percentage can a person increase his consumption so that his total expenditure remains unchanged?
    1. 16.67% (b) 20% (c) 25% (d) 30%
  14. (Composite Absentee Percentage) In a college, 60% of the students are boys. If 10% of the boys and 15% of the girls are absent on a given day, what percentage of the total students are present?
    1. 85% (b) 86% (c) 88% (d) 90%
  15. (Product Constant, Revenue) A shopkeeper’s sales (quantity sold) increased by 25%, but the price of the item decreased by 20%. Find the percentage change in his total revenue.
    1. −5% (b) 0% (no change) (c) +2% (d) +5%
  16. (Three Successive Changes) A number is increased by 10%, then by 20%, and then decreased by 25%. Find the net percentage change.
    1. 1% decrease (b) 1% increase (c) 5% decrease (d) 5% increase
  17. (Population, Reverse) The population of a town, growing at a constant annual rate, was 40,000 two years ago and is 48,400 now. Find the rate of growth per annum.
    1. 8% (b) 9% (c) 10% (d) 11%
  18. (Depreciation, Reverse over 3 years) A machine depreciates at 10% per annum. After 3 years, its value is ₹72,900. Find its original value.
    1. ₹90,000 (b) ₹95,000 (c) ₹1,00,000 (d) ₹1,05,000
  19. (Price–Consumption, Target Net Change) The price of a commodity rises by 25%. A family wants its total expenditure on the commodity to rise by only 5%. By what percentage must it reduce its consumption?
    1. 12% (b) 16% (c) 20% (d) 24%
  20. (Area Error) The side of a square is measured 10% in excess. Find the percentage error in the calculated area.
    1. 19% (b) 20% (c) 21% (d) 22%
  21. (Pass/Fail, Two Equations) A scores 42% of the maximum marks and fails by 12 marks. B scores 50% of the maximum marks and gets 24 marks more than the passing marks. Find the maximum marks.
    1. 400 (b) 420 (c) 450 (d) 480
  22. (Election, Reverse with Invalid Votes) In an election, 15% of the total votes polled were declared invalid. The winning candidate secured 60% of the valid votes and defeated his rival by 4,080 votes. Find the total number of votes polled.
    1. 22,000 (b) 24,000 (c) 26,000 (d) 28,000
  23. (Ratio Chain) A’s income is 40% more than B’s income, and B’s income is 20% less than C’s income. If C’s income is ₹25,000, find A’s income.
    1. ₹26,000 (b) ₹27,000 (c) ₹28,000 (d) ₹29,000
  24. (Discount then Tax) An article marked at ₹2,000 is sold after a discount of 15%, and a sales tax of 10% is then charged on the discounted price. Find the final price paid by the customer.
    1. ₹1,850 (b) ₹1,870 (c) ₹1,890 (d) ₹1,900
  25. (Population, Three Alternating Years) The population of a town was 25,000. It increased by 20% in the first year, decreased by 10% in the second year, and increased by 25% in the third year. Find the population at the end of three years.
    1. 32,500 (b) 33,000 (c) 33,750 (d) 34,500
  26. (Depreciation vs. Mixed Appreciation) Two machines, X and Y, are purchased for the same price. Machine X depreciates by 20% per annum for two years and its value after two years is ₹1,28,000. Machine Y appreciates by 10% in the first year and then depreciates by 25% in the second year. Find the value of Machine Y after two years.
    1. ₹1,60,000 (b) ₹1,62,500 (c) ₹1,65,000 (d) ₹1,68,000
  27. (Volume Error, Cuboid) The length, breadth, and height of a cuboid are measured with errors of +4%, +5%, and −5% respectively. Find the percentage error in the computed volume.
    1. 3.54% (b) 3.74% (c) 3.94% (d) 4.20%
  28. (Price–Consumption, Price Falls) The price of wheat falls by 10%. As a result, a family’s total expenditure on wheat decreases by only 1%, even though it increases its consumption. Find the percentage increase in consumption.
    1. 5% (b) 8% (c) 10% (d) 12%
  29. (Election, Ratio of Three Candidates) In an election, 10% of the total 30,000 votes were declared invalid. Among the valid votes, three candidates received votes in the ratio 5 : 4 : 3. Find the number of votes received by the winning candidate.
    1. 10,500 (b) 11,000 (c) 11,250 (d) 11,500
  30. (Ratio + Percentage of Composition) The number of students in sections A and B of a class are in the ratio 4 : 5. If 25% of section A’s students and 20% of section B’s students are girls, and the total number of students in both sections combined is 180, find the total number of girls in both sections.
    1. 32 (b) 36 (c) 40 (d) 44
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