Practice MCQs — Modern India (with Answers)

In which year was the English East India Company chartered? Answer: 1600.

Who founded Calcutta (Fort William)? Answer: Job Charnock (1690).

Which treaty ended the Third Carnatic War? Answer: Treaty of Paris (1763).

Who did Robert Clive defeat at the Battle of Plassey? Answer: Nawab Siraj-ud-Daulah.

Which battle is considered more decisive than Plassey by many historians? Answer: Battle of Buxar (1764).

What right did the EIC gain via the Treaty of Allahabad (1765)? Answer: Diwani (revenue collection rights) of Bengal, Bihar, and Odisha.

Which war ended with Tipu Sultan's death? Answer: Fourth Anglo-Mysore War (1799).

Which war ended the Peshwa's authority? Answer: Third Anglo-Maratha War (1817–18).

Who introduced the Permanent Settlement of Bengal? Answer: Lord Cornwallis (1793).

Who introduced the Subsidiary Alliance system? Answer: Lord Wellesley.

Who abolished Sati in 1829? Answer: Lord William Bentinck (with Raja Ram Mohan Roy's advocacy).

Who introduced the Doctrine of Lapse? Answer: Lord Dalhousie.

Which princely state's annexation in 1856 was a major grievance before 1857? Answer: Awadh (Oudh).

Who was the symbolic leader of the 1857 Revolt at Delhi? Answer: Bahadur Shah Zafar.

Who led the resistance at Jhansi in 1857? Answer: Rani Lakshmibai.

Which Act transferred power from the Company to the Crown? Answer: Government of India Act 1858.

Who is called the "Father of Modern India"? Answer: Raja Ram Mohan Roy.

Who founded the Arya Samaj? Answer: Swami Dayanand Saraswati.

Who founded the Ramakrishna Mission? Answer: Swami Vivekananda.

Who founded the Indian National Congress in 1885? Answer: Allan Octavian Hume.

Who were the "Lal-Bal-Pal" trio? Answer: Lala Lajpat Rai, Bal Gangadhar Tilak, Bipin Chandra Pal.

Which Viceroy ordered the Partition of Bengal (1905)? Answer: Lord Curzon.

Where and when was the Jallianwala Bagh Massacre? Answer: Amritsar, 13 April 1919.

What incident led Gandhi to call off the Non-Cooperation Movement? Answer: The Chauri Chaura incident (1922).

Who presided over the Lahore Session (1929) that declared Purna Swaraj? Answer: Jawaharlal Nehru.

What event began the Civil Disobedience Movement? Answer: The Dandi March / Salt Satyagraha (1930).

What pact followed Gandhi's opposition to the Communal Award? Answer: The Poona Pact (1932), with B.R. Ambedkar.

What was the call given during the Quit India Movement? Answer: "Do or Die."

Who founded the Azad Hind government and the INA's later leadership? Answer: Subhas Chandra Bose.

Who headed the boundary commission for Partition? Answer: Cyril Radcliffe.

Who is called the "Iron Man of India" for integrating princely states? Answer: Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel.

On what date did India become independent? Answer: 15 August 1947.