8. Practice Section — 120 MCQs with Answer Key

Instructions: Each question gives a sentence in active or passive voice. Choose the option (A–D) that correctly expresses it in the other voice (or, in a few flagged items, correctly identifies that no natural passive exists). Difficulty increases roughly every 30 questions: Q1–30 Easy, Q31–65 Medium, Q66–100 Hard, Q101–120 Mixed Challenge. A full answer key follows, with explanations given for every question from Q61 onward — the harder half of the set.

Easy (Q1–30)

Q1. The cleaner mops the corridor every morning. A) The corridor is mopped by the cleaner every morning. B) The corridor was mopped by the cleaner every morning. C) The corridor mops by the cleaner every morning. D) The corridor is being mopped by the cleaner every morning.

Q2. The chef is preparing a special dessert for the guests. A) A special dessert is prepared for the guests by the chef. B) A special dessert is being prepared for the guests by the chef. C) A special dessert was being prepared for the guests by the chef. D) A special dessert has been prepared for the guests by the chef.

Q3. The postman delivered the parcel yesterday. A) The parcel is delivered by the postman yesterday. B) The parcel was delivered by the postman yesterday. C) The parcel had been delivered by the postman yesterday. D) The parcel delivered by the postman yesterday.

Q4. The mechanic has repaired the scooter. A) The scooter is repaired by the mechanic. B) The scooter had been repaired by the mechanic. C) The scooter has been repaired by the mechanic. D) The scooter has repaired by the mechanic.

Q5. The gardener waters these plants daily. A) These plants are watered by the gardener daily. B) These plants were watered by the gardener daily. C) These plants water by the gardener daily. D) These plants are being watered by the gardener daily.

Q6. They will inaugurate the new library next Monday. A) The new library will inaugurate next Monday. B) The new library will be inaugurated next Monday. C) The new library is inaugurated next Monday. D) The new library was inaugurated next Monday.

Q7. The teacher was explaining the theorem when the bell rang. A) The theorem was explained by the teacher when the bell rang. B) The theorem is being explained by the teacher when the bell rang. C) The theorem was being explained by the teacher when the bell rang. D) The theorem had been explained by the teacher when the bell rang.

Q8. Someone has switched off the main power supply. A) The main power supply is switched off. B) The main power supply has been switched off. C) The main power supply was switched off. D) The main power supply had switched off.

Q9. The judges will have declared the results by evening. A) The results will have been declared by evening. B) The results will be declared by evening. C) The results have been declared by evening. D) The results will have declared by evening.

Q10. The audience applauded the young singer. A) The young singer is applauded by the audience. B) The young singer applauded by the audience. C) The young singer was applauded by the audience. D) The young singer had applauded by the audience.

Q11. The farmer had sold his entire harvest before the price crashed. A) His entire harvest was sold by the farmer before the price crashed. B) His entire harvest had been sold by the farmer before the price crashed. C) His entire harvest has been sold by the farmer before the price crashed. D) His entire harvest is sold by the farmer before the price crashed.

Q12. The clerk stamps every form before filing it. A) Every form is stamped by the clerk before filing it. B) Every form was stamped by the clerk before filing it. C) Every form stamps by the clerk before filing it. D) Every form is being stamped by the clerk before filing it.

Q13. The storm damaged several huts along the coast. A) Several huts along the coast are damaged by the storm. B) Several huts along the coast were damaged by the storm. C) Several huts along the coast had damaged by the storm. D) Several huts along the coast being damaged by the storm.

Q14. The bank will process your loan application within a week. A) Your loan application will process within a week. B) Your loan application is processed within a week. C) Your loan application will be processed within a week. D) Your loan application would be processed within a week.

Q15. Passersby rescued the drowning child from the canal. A) The drowning child is rescued from the canal by passersby. B) The drowning child was rescued from the canal by passersby. C) The drowning child rescued from the canal by passersby. D) The drowning child had rescued from the canal by passersby.

Q16. The receptionist is scheduling appointments for the whole week. A) Appointments for the whole week are scheduled by the receptionist. B) Appointments for the whole week are being scheduled by the receptionist. C) Appointments for the whole week were being scheduled by the receptionist. D) Appointments for the whole week have been scheduled by the receptionist.

Q17. The porters carried the luggage to the platform. A) The luggage is carried to the platform by the porters. B) The luggage was carried to the platform by the porters. C) The luggage carries to the platform by the porters. D) The luggage had carried to the platform by the porters.

Q18. The trust runs three free clinics in the district. A) Three free clinics in the district are run by the trust. B) Three free clinics in the district were run by the trust. C) Three free clinics in the district run by the trust. D) Three free clinics in the district are being run by the trust.

Q19. The waiter has cleared all the tables in the front section. A) All the tables in the front section are cleared by the waiter. B) All the tables in the front section were cleared by the waiter. C) All the tables in the front section have been cleared by the waiter. D) All the tables in the front section had cleared by the waiter.

Q20. The pilot announced the delay over the intercom. A) The delay is announced over the intercom by the pilot. B) The delay was announced over the intercom by the pilot. C) The delay announced over the intercom by the pilot. D) The delay had announcing over the intercom by the pilot.

Q21. The company is launching a new mobile app next month. A) A new mobile app is launched next month by the company. B) A new mobile app is being launched next month by the company. C) A new mobile app was being launched next month by the company. D) A new mobile app has been launched next month by the company.

Q22. The tribunal will hear the case next Thursday. A) The case will hear next Thursday. B) The case will be heard next Thursday. C) The case is heard next Thursday. D) The case would be heard next Thursday.

Q23. The vendor sells roasted peanuts outside the stadium. A) Roasted peanuts are sold outside the stadium by the vendor. B) Roasted peanuts were sold outside the stadium by the vendor. C) Roasted peanuts sell outside the stadium by the vendor. D) Roasted peanuts are being sold outside the stadium by the vendor.

Q24. The invigilator collected all the mobile phones before the exam. A) All the mobile phones are collected by the invigilator before the exam. B) All the mobile phones were collected by the invigilator before the exam. C) All the mobile phones had collected by the invigilator before the exam. D) All the mobile phones collect by the invigilator before the exam.

Q25. The ward boy is wheeling the patient towards the operation theatre. A) The patient is wheeled towards the operation theatre by the ward boy. B) The patient is being wheeled towards the operation theatre by the ward boy. C) The patient was being wheeled towards the operation theatre by the ward boy. D) The patient has been wheeled towards the operation theatre by the ward boy.

Q26. The union had submitted its charter of demands before the strike notice. A) Its charter of demands was submitted by the union before the strike notice. B) Its charter of demands had been submitted by the union before the strike notice. C) Its charter of demands has been submitted by the union before the strike notice. D) Its charter of demands is submitted by the union before the strike notice.

Q27. The bakery will deliver the cake by six in the evening. A) The cake will deliver by six in the evening. B) The cake is delivered by six in the evening. C) The cake will be delivered by six in the evening. D) The cake would deliver by six in the evening.

Q28. The team captain praised every player after the win. A) Every player is praised by the team captain after the win. B) Every player was praised by the team captain after the win. C) Every player praised by the team captain after the win. D) Every player had praising by the team captain after the win.

Q29. The panel will have reviewed all applications by Friday. A) All applications will have been reviewed by Friday. B) All applications will be reviewed by Friday. C) All applications have been reviewed by Friday. D) All applications will have reviewed by Friday.

Q30. The shopkeeper weighs the vegetables on the old brass scale. A) The vegetables are weighed on the old brass scale by the shopkeeper. B) The vegetables were weighed on the old brass scale by the shopkeeper. C) The vegetables weigh on the old brass scale by the shopkeeper. D) The vegetables are being weighed on the old brass scale by the shopkeeper.

Medium (Q31–65)

Q31. Can the receptionist reschedule my appointment for Friday? A) Can my appointment be rescheduled for Friday by the receptionist? B) Can my appointment rescheduled for Friday by the receptionist? C) Is my appointment can be rescheduled for Friday by the receptionist? D) My appointment can be rescheduled for Friday by the receptionist?

Q32. The officer must verify each document personally. A) Each document must verify personally by the officer. B) Each document must be verified personally by the officer. C) Each document must been verified personally by the officer. D) Each document is must be verified personally by the officer.

Q33. Who wrote this anonymous letter? A) By whom was this anonymous letter written? B) By whom this anonymous letter was written? C) Whom was this anonymous letter written by? D) This anonymous letter was written by who?

Q34. The trainer awarded the best performer a trophy. A) A trophy was awarded the best performer by the trainer. B) The best performer was awarded a trophy by the trainer. C) The best performer awarded a trophy by the trainer. D) A trophy has awarded to the best performer by the trainer.

Q35. People believe that the old fort is haunted. A) It is believed the old fort is haunted. B) It is believed that the old fort is haunted. C) The old fort is believing to be haunted. D) It was believed that the old fort is haunted.

Q36. The manager should have approved the leave request earlier. A) The leave request should approve earlier by the manager. B) The leave request should have approved earlier by the manager. C) The leave request should have been approved earlier by the manager. D) The leave request should be approved earlier by the manager.

Q37. The watchman saw the stray dogs enter the compound. A) The stray dogs were seen enter the compound by the watchman. B) The stray dogs were seen to enter the compound by the watchman. C) The stray dogs are seen to enter the compound by the watchman. D) The stray dogs seen to enter the compound by the watchman.

Q38. Please close the windows before the dust storm arrives. A) Let the windows be closed before the dust storm arrives. B) Let the windows closed before the dust storm arrives. C) The windows let be closed before the dust storm arrives. D) Be let the windows closed before the dust storm arrives.

Q39. The two nations are negotiating a new trade agreement. A) A new trade agreement is negotiated by the two nations. B) A new trade agreement is being negotiated by the two nations. C) A new trade agreement was being negotiated by the two nations. D) A new trade agreement has being negotiated by the two nations.

Q40. Someone had already booked the conference hall for that date. A) The conference hall was already booked for that date. B) The conference hall has already been booked for that date. C) The conference hall had already been booked for that date. D) The conference hall had already booked for that date.

Q41. The pharmacist dispenses medicines only against a valid prescription. A) Medicines are dispensed only against a valid prescription. B) Medicines dispense only against a valid prescription. C) Medicines were dispensed only against a valid prescription. D) Medicines are being dispensed only against a valid prescription.

Q42. Which route did the delegation take to reach the border post? A) Which route was taken by the delegation to reach the border post? B) Which route is taken by the delegation to reach the border post? C) Which route taken by the delegation to reach the border post? D) By which route the delegation took to reach the border post?

Q43. The archivist is cataloguing the century-old manuscripts. A) The century-old manuscripts are catalogued by the archivist. B) The century-old manuscripts are being catalogued by the archivist. C) The century-old manuscripts have been catalogued by the archivist. D) The century-old manuscripts was being catalogued by the archivist.

Q44. Everyone was surprised at the sudden resignation of the CEO. A) The sudden resignation of the CEO surprised everyone. B) The sudden resignation of the CEO was surprised by everyone. C) Everyone surprised the sudden resignation of the CEO. D) The sudden resignation of the CEO has surprised by everyone.

Q45. The vet is going to examine the injured elephant tomorrow. A) The injured elephant is going to be examined by the vet tomorrow. B) The injured elephant is going to examine by the vet tomorrow. C) The injured elephant will going to be examined by the vet tomorrow. D) The injured elephant is going to examined by the vet tomorrow.

Q46. Historians say that the treaty ended a decade of hostilities. A) It is said that the treaty ends a decade of hostilities. B) It is said that the treaty ended a decade of hostilities. C) The treaty is said to end a decade of hostilities. D) The treaty was said ending a decade of hostilities.

Q47. They are getting the old warehouse converted into a museum. A) The old warehouse is got converted into a museum. B) The old warehouse is getting converted into a museum by them. (already correct as a causative — see below) C) The old warehouse gets converted into a museum. D) The old warehouse is being got converted into a museum.

Q48. The two brothers built this house with their own hands in 1998. A) This house was built with their own hands by the two brothers in 1998. B) This house is built with their own hands by the two brothers in 1998. C) This house had built with their own hands by the two brothers in 1998. D) This house built with their own hands by the two brothers in 1998.

Q49. How does the committee select the scholarship winners? A) How the scholarship winners are selected by the committee? B) How are the scholarship winners selected by the committee? C) How is the scholarship winners selected by the committee? D) How do the scholarship winners selected by the committee?

Q50. The curator had been restoring the painting for three months when the funding stopped. A) The painting had been restored by the curator for three months when the funding stopped. B) The painting was being restored by the curator for three months when the funding stopped. C) (No natural passive — the sentence is best left active.) D) The painting has been being restored by the curator for three months when the funding stopped.

Q51. The conductor is tuning the orchestra before the evening performance. A) The orchestra is tuned by the conductor before the evening performance. B) The orchestra is being tuned by the conductor before the evening performance. C) The orchestra was being tuned by the conductor before the evening performance. D) The orchestra has been tuned by the conductor before the evening performance.

Q52. The registrar had issued fresh admit cards before the technical glitch was discovered. A) Fresh admit cards were issued by the registrar before the technical glitch was discovered. B) Fresh admit cards had been issued by the registrar before the technical glitch was discovered. C) Fresh admit cards have been issued by the registrar before the technical glitch was discovered. D) Fresh admit cards had issued by the registrar before the technical glitch was discovered.

Q53. Why does the airline overbook flights during the festive season? A) Why are flights overbooked by the airline during the festive season? B) Why flights are overbooked by the airline during the festive season? C) Why is flights overbooked by the airline during the festive season? D) Why do flights overbooked by the airline during the festive season?

Q54. The manufacturer will recall every defective unit sold since January. A) Every defective unit sold since January will recall. B) Every defective unit sold since January will be recalled. C) Every defective unit sold since January is recalled. D) Every defective unit sold since January would be recalled.

Q55. The trustees have not yet approved the revised fee structure. A) The revised fee structure is not yet approved by the trustees. B) The revised fee structure has not yet been approved by the trustees. C) The revised fee structure was not yet approved by the trustees. D) The revised fee structure had not yet been approved by the trustees.

Q56. The commuters were boarding the last local when the signal failed. A) The last local was boarded by the commuters when the signal failed. B) The last local is being boarded by the commuters when the signal failed. C) The last local was being boarded by the commuters when the signal failed. D) The last local had been boarded by the commuters when the signal failed.

Q57. People consider the new bypass a major relief for daily commuters. A) The new bypass is considered a major relief for daily commuters. B) The new bypass considered a major relief for daily commuters. C) The new bypass is considering a major relief for daily commuters. D) A major relief for daily commuters is considered the new bypass.

Q58. The porter had to carry three heavy trunks up the staircase. A) Three heavy trunks had to carry up the staircase by the porter. B) Three heavy trunks had to be carried up the staircase by the porter. C) Three heavy trunks has to be carried up the staircase by the porter. D) Three heavy trunks had to being carried up the staircase by the porter.

Q59. The shopkeeper's new price list resembles last year's list almost exactly. A) Last year's list is resembled by the shopkeeper's new price list almost exactly. B) (No natural passive — "resemble" is a state verb.) C) Last year's list resembled by the shopkeeper's new price list almost exactly. D) The shopkeeper's new price list is resembled to last year's list almost exactly.

Q60. Who is going to chair tomorrow's budget meeting? A) By whom is tomorrow's budget meeting going to be chaired? B) By whom tomorrow's budget meeting is going to be chaired? C) Who is tomorrow's budget meeting going to be chaired by? D) By whom was tomorrow's budget meeting going to be chaired?

Q61. The two departments will have finalised the merger terms by December. A) The merger terms will have finalised by the two departments by December. B) The merger terms will have been finalised by the two departments by December. C) The merger terms would have been finalised by the two departments by December. D) The merger terms will be finalised by the two departments by December.

Q62. How much does this antique clock weigh? A) How much is this antique clock weighed? B) (No natural passive — "weigh," used intransitively here, resists passivization.) C) How much is this antique clock weighing? D) How much was this antique clock weighed?

Q63. The landlord had the leaking roof repaired before the monsoon. A) The leaking roof was repaired by the landlord before the monsoon. (loses the causative "had...repaired" nuance) B) The leaking roof had been repaired by the landlord before the monsoon. C) The landlord got the leaking roof repaired before the monsoon. (best paraphrase, causative retained) D) The leaking roof had had by the landlord repaired before the monsoon.

Q64. What made the investors suddenly lose confidence in the startup? A) By what were the investors suddenly made to lose confidence in the startup? B) What made the investors suddenly lose confidence in the startup? (no clean passive — causative "make" resists smooth passivization here) C) The investors were suddenly made lose confidence in the startup by what? D) What was made the investors suddenly lose confidence in the startup?

Q65. The regulator will not have completed its review before the deadline lapses. A) Its review will not have completed by the regulator before the deadline lapses. B) Its review will not have been completed by the regulator before the deadline lapses. C) Its review would not have been completed by the regulator before the deadline lapses. D) Its review is not completed by the regulator before the deadline lapses.

Hard (Q66–100)

Q66. They should not have ignored the early warning signs. A) The early warning signs should not ignore. B) The early warning signs should not have ignored. C) The early warning signs should not have been ignored. D) The early warning signs should not being ignored.

Q67. The scent of jasmine filled the entire courtyard. A) The entire courtyard was filled by the scent of jasmine. B) The entire courtyard was filled with the scent of jasmine. C) The entire courtyard filled with the scent of jasmine. D) The entire courtyard is filled by the scent of jasmine.

Q68. The nurse bandaged the wound with a sterile cloth. A) The wound was bandaged by the nurse by a sterile cloth. B) The wound was bandaged with the nurse by a sterile cloth. C) The wound was bandaged by the nurse with a sterile cloth. D) The wound was bandaged with the nurse with a sterile cloth.

Q69. This heirloom necklace resembles the one in the museum exhibit. A) The one in the museum exhibit is resembled by this heirloom necklace. B) (No passive form exists — "resemble" is a state verb.) C) The one in the museum exhibit resembled by this heirloom necklace. D) This heirloom necklace is resembled to the one in the museum exhibit.

Q70. Why did the auditors reject the department's expense claims? A) Why the department's expense claims were rejected by the auditors? B) Why were the department's expense claims rejected by the auditors? C) Why was the department's expense claims rejected by the auditors? D) Why did the department's expense claims rejected by the auditors?

Q71. The startup is said to have raised forty crore rupees last quarter. A) It is said that the startup raises forty crore rupees last quarter. B) It is said that the startup has raised forty crore rupees last quarter. C) It is said that the startup raised forty crore rupees last quarter. D) It said that the startup raised forty crore rupees last quarter.

Q72. They have been renovating this heritage building since January. A) This heritage building has been renovated by them since January. B) This heritage building has been being renovated by them since January. (technically valid, near-unused form) C) This heritage building is renovated by them since January. D) This heritage building was renovated by them since January.

Q73. Do not disturb the workers while they are on their shift. A) Let the workers not be disturbed while they are on their shift. B) Let the workers be not disturbed while they are on their shift. C) The workers let not be disturbed while they are on their shift. D) Not let the workers be disturbed while they are on their shift.

Q74. The panel offered the finalist a place on the national team. A) A place on the national team offered to the finalist by the panel. B) The finalist was offered a place on the national team by the panel. C) The finalist offered a place on the national team by the panel. D) A place on the national team was offering to the finalist by the panel.

Q75. The two contracts cost the firm nearly a crore rupees in penalties. A) Nearly a crore rupees in penalties was cost to the firm by the two contracts. B) (No natural passive — "cost" resists passivization.) C) Nearly a crore rupees in penalties were cost by the two contracts to the firm. D) The firm was cost nearly a crore rupees in penalties by the two contracts.

Q76. By the time the ambulance arrived, the paramedics had already stabilised the patient. A) By the time the ambulance arrived, the patient had already stabilised by the paramedics. B) By the time the ambulance arrived, the patient had already been stabilised by the paramedics. C) By the time the ambulance arrived, the patient has already been stabilised by the paramedics. D) By the time the ambulance arrived, the patient was already being stabilised by the paramedics.

Q77. The tribunal is expected to announce its verdict this week. A) Its verdict is expected to be announced by the tribunal this week. B) Its verdict is expected to announce by the tribunal this week. C) Its verdict expected to be announced by the tribunal this week. D) Its verdict is expecting to be announced by the tribunal this week.

Q78. The committee consists of seven elected members and two nominated experts. A) Seven elected members and two nominated experts are consisted by the committee. B) (No natural passive — "consist of" resists passivization.) C) Seven elected members and two nominated experts are consisted of by the committee. D) The committee is consisted of seven elected members and two nominated experts.

Q79. The editor was going to reject the manuscript before the twist ending won her over. A) The manuscript was going to be rejected by the editor before the twist ending won her over. B) The manuscript was going to reject by the editor before the twist ending won her over. C) The manuscript going to be rejected by the editor before the twist ending won her over. D) The manuscript was going to being rejected by the editor before the twist ending won her over.

Q80. Never leave the gas stove unattended while cooking. A) Let the gas stove never be left unattended while cooking. B) The gas stove is never left unattended while cooking. C) Let the gas stove never leave unattended while cooking. D) Never let the gas stove be leaving unattended while cooking.

Q81. The two departments will finalise the onboarding checklist by Friday. A) The onboarding checklist will finalise by Friday. B) The onboarding checklist will be finalised by the two departments by Friday. C) The onboarding checklist is finalised by the two departments by Friday. D) The onboarding checklist would be finalised by the two departments by Friday.

Q82. The commissioner had directed the survey team to resurvey the disputed plot. A) The survey team was directed to resurvey the disputed plot by the commissioner. B) The survey team had been directed to resurvey the disputed plot by the commissioner. C) The survey team has been directed to resurvey the disputed plot by the commissioner. D) The survey team had directed to resurvey the disputed plot by the commissioner.

Q83. The manager said, "I am reviewing the quarterly figures." A) The manager said that he is reviewing the quarterly figures. B) The manager said that he was reviewing the quarterly figures. C) The manager said that the quarterly figures are being reviewed by him. D) The manager said that the quarterly figures were being reviewed by him.

Q84. The clerk said, "The consignment has been dispatched already." A) The clerk said that the consignment has been dispatched already. B) The clerk said that the consignment had been dispatched already. C) The clerk said that the consignment was dispatched already. D) The clerk said that the consignment is dispatched already.

Q85. The doctor advised, "Take this syrup twice a day after meals." A) The doctor advised that the syrup was taken twice a day after meals. B) The doctor advised that the syrup be taken twice a day after meals. C) The doctor advised that the syrup is taken twice a day after meals. D) The doctor advised to take the syrup twice a day after meals.

Q86. The company got its entire data centre audited before the IPO. A) The entire data centre was got audited by the company before the IPO. B) The entire data centre is got audited by the company before the IPO. C) (Already a correct causative — do not force a further passive.) D) The entire data centre had got audited by the company before the IPO.

Q87. The bride's family had the wedding hall decorated overnight. A) The wedding hall was had decorated by the bride's family overnight. B) (Already a correct causative — do not force a further passive.) C) The wedding hall is had decorated by the bride's family overnight. D) The wedding hall had decorated by the bride's family overnight.

Q88. The commissioner asked, "Has the drainage work been completed in Ward 9?" A) The commissioner asked whether the drainage work has been completed in Ward 9. B) The commissioner asked whether the drainage work had been completed in Ward 9. C) The commissioner asked that the drainage work had been completed in Ward 9. D) The commissioner asked if the drainage work is completed in Ward 9.

Q89. No detail escapes the chief editor's attention. A) The chief editor's attention is escaped by no detail. B) (No natural passive — "escape," in this sense, resists passivization.) C) The chief editor's attention was escaped by no detail. D) No detail is escaped from the chief editor's attention.

Q90. The delegation comprises six officials and two translators. A) Six officials and two translators are comprised by the delegation. B) (No natural passive — "comprise" resists passivization.) C) Six officials and two translators are comprised of by the delegation. D) The delegation is comprised six officials and two translators.

Q91. The rescue team deserves this year's bravery award. A) This year's bravery award is deserved by the rescue team. B) (No natural passive in ordinary usage — "deserve" resists passivization.) C) This year's bravery award was deserved by the rescue team. D) This year's bravery award deserves the rescue team.

Q92. Officials had inspected the dam's spillway gates before the water level rose further. A) The dam's spillway gates were inspected by officials before the water level rose further. B) The dam's spillway gates had been inspected by officials before the water level rose further. C) The dam's spillway gates have been inspected by officials before the water level rose further. D) The dam's spillway gates had inspected by officials before the water level rose further.

Q93. The coach recommended that the injured striker rest for a fortnight. A) The coach recommended that the injured striker rested for a fortnight. B) The coach recommended that the injured striker rests for a fortnight. C) The coach recommended the injured striker to rest for a fortnight. D) It was recommended by the coach that the injured striker rest for a fortnight.

Q94. Whom did the tribunal hold liable for the environmental damage? A) Who was held liable for the environmental damage by the tribunal? B) Whom was held liable for the environmental damage by the tribunal? C) By whom was held liable for the environmental damage? D) Who held liable for the environmental damage by the tribunal?

Q95. The insurer will not settle any claim filed after the policy lapses. A) No claim filed after the policy lapses will settle. B) No claim filed after the policy lapses will be settled by the insurer. C) No claim filed after the policy lapses is settled by the insurer. D) No claim filed after the policy lapses would be settled by the insurer.

Q96. The old caretaker takes after his father in both looks and temperament. A) His father is taken after by the old caretaker in both looks and temperament. B) (No natural passive — "take after" describes a state of resemblance.) C) His father was taken after by the old caretaker in both looks and temperament. D) The old caretaker is taken after his father in both looks and temperament.

Q97. The vigilance officer said, "I am investigating two complaints against this contractor." A) The vigilance officer said that he is investigating two complaints against that contractor. B) The vigilance officer said that two complaints against that contractor are being investigated by him. C) The vigilance officer said that two complaints against that contractor were being investigated by him. D) The vigilance officer said that he was investigated two complaints against that contractor.

Q98. The hostel warden gets the water tanks cleaned once every quarter. A) The water tanks are got cleaned by the hostel warden once every quarter. B) (Already a correct causative — do not force it into a further passive.) C) The water tanks get cleaned by the hostel warden once every quarter. D) The water tanks had got cleaned by the hostel warden once every quarter.

Q99. The hall measures nearly sixty feet from end to end. A) Nearly sixty feet from end to end is measured by the hall. B) (No natural passive — "measure," used here, describes an inherent dimension.) C) Nearly sixty feet from end to end was measured by the hall. D) The hall is measured nearly sixty feet from end to end.

Q100. The regional passport office will have processed all pending applications by the year-end audit. A) All pending applications will have processed by the regional passport office by the year-end audit. B) All pending applications will have been processed by the regional passport office by the year-end audit. C) All pending applications would have been processed by the regional passport office by the year-end audit. D) All pending applications are processed by the regional passport office by the year-end audit.

Mixed Challenge (Q101–120)

Q101. The two rival unions had been disputing the wage formula for years before the strike began. A) The wage formula had been disputed by the two rival unions for years before the strike began. B) The wage formula has been being disputed by the two rival unions for years before the strike began. C) The wage formula had been being disputed by the two rival unions for years before the strike began. (technically valid, avoided in practice) D) The wage formula was disputed by the two rival unions for years before the strike began.

Q102. Whom did the board hold responsible for the data breach? A) Who was held responsible for the data breach by the board? B) Whom was held responsible for the data breach by the board? C) By whom was held responsible for the data breach by the board? D) Who held responsible for the data breach by the board?

Q103. The mediator is said to have persuaded both parties to sign the settlement quietly last night. A) It is said that the mediator persuades both parties to sign the settlement quietly last night. B) It is said that the mediator persuaded both parties to sign the settlement quietly last night. C) It said that the mediator had persuaded both parties to sign the settlement quietly last night. D) It is said the mediator persuaded both parties into signing the settlement quietly last night.

Q104. Don't let the intern touch the calibration equipment without supervision. A) Let the calibration equipment not be touched by the intern without supervision. B) The calibration equipment must not be touched by the intern without supervision. (most natural rendering) C) Let the calibration equipment be not touched by the intern without supervision. D) Not let the calibration equipment be touched by the intern without supervision.

Q105. Each contestant will have been given exactly ninety seconds to answer by the time the buzzer sounds. A) Exactly ninety seconds will have given to each contestant to answer by the time the buzzer sounds. B) Exactly ninety seconds will have been given to each contestant to answer by the time the buzzer sounds. C) Exactly ninety seconds would have been given to each contestant to answer by the time the buzzer sounds. D) Exactly ninety seconds are given to each contestant to answer by the time the buzzer sounds.

Q106. The chairman asked, "Why has the shipment been delayed by two weeks?" A) The chairman asked why the shipment has been delayed by two weeks. B) The chairman asked why the shipment had been delayed by two weeks. C) The chairman asked that why the shipment had been delayed by two weeks. D) The chairman asked why has the shipment been delayed by two weeks.

Q107. The society had its clubhouse repainted just before the annual general meeting. A) The clubhouse was had repainted by the society just before the annual general meeting. B) (Already a correct causative — no further passive needed.) C) The clubhouse is had repainted by the society just before the annual general meeting. D) The clubhouse had repainted by the society just before the annual general meeting.

Q108. The scandal cost the minister his career and his party's majority. A) The minister's career and his party's majority were cost by the scandal. B) (No natural passive — "cost," in this figurative sense, resists passivization.) C) The minister's career and his party's majority was cost by the scandal. D) His career and his party's majority costed the minister by the scandal.

Q109. By March, the ministry will have been implementing the new pension scheme for five years. A) By March, the new pension scheme will have implemented for five years. B) By March, the new pension scheme will have been being implemented for five years. C) (No natural passive exists for this tense — the sentence is best left active.) D) By March, the new pension scheme is implemented for five years.

Q110. The captain asked the umpire, "Will the match resume after the rain stops?" A) The captain asked the umpire whether the match will resume after the rain stops. B) The captain asked the umpire whether the match would resume after the rain stopped. C) The captain asked the umpire if the match resumes after the rain stops. D) The captain asked the umpire that would the match resume after the rain stopped.

Q111. The examiner had the answer scripts re-evaluated after the complaint. A) The answer scripts were had re-evaluated by the examiner after the complaint. B) (Already a correct causative — leave the sentence as it stands.) C) The answer scripts are had re-evaluated by the examiner after the complaint. D) The answer scripts had re-evaluated by the examiner after the complaint.

Q112. Very few original manuscripts survive from that period of the empire's history. A) That period of the empire's history is survived by very few original manuscripts. B) (No natural passive — "survive," used intransitively, resists passivization.) C) That period of the empire's history was survived by very few original manuscripts. D) Very few original manuscripts are survived from that period of the empire's history.

Q113. The regional office said, "We had already forwarded the file to head office." A) The regional office said that they had already forwarded the file to head office. B) The regional office said that the file had already been forwarded to head office. C) The regional office said that the file has already been forwarded to head office. D) Both A and B are acceptable, correctly back-shifted reported forms.

Q114. The old professor holds strong views on examination reform. A) Strong views on examination reform are held by the old professor. B) (No natural passive — "hold," in this belief-stating sense, resists passivization.) C) Strong views on examination reform were held by the old professor. D) The old professor is held strong views on examination reform.

Q115. The two rival firms will have been competing for this contract for nearly a year by the time it is awarded. A) This contract will have been competed for by the two rival firms for nearly a year by the time it is awarded. B) (No natural passive — future perfect continuous does not passivize in ordinary usage.) C) This contract will have been being competed for by the two rival firms for nearly a year by the time it is awarded. D) This contract is competed for by the two rival firms for nearly a year by the time it is awarded.

Q116. The chief guest said, "I will distribute the certificates personally." A) The chief guest said that he will distribute the certificates personally. B) The chief guest said that he would distribute the certificates personally. C) The chief guest said that the certificates will be distributed personally by him. D) The chief guest said that the certificates would be distributed personally by him.

Q117. The apex court asked the government, "Have the rehabilitation packages been disbursed to every affected family?" A) The apex court asked the government whether the rehabilitation packages have been disbursed to every affected family. B) The apex court asked the government whether the rehabilitation packages had been disbursed to every affected family. C) The apex court asked the government that had the rehabilitation packages been disbursed to every affected family. D) The apex court asked the government if the rehabilitation packages are disbursed to every affected family.

Q118. The retiring manager will have been supervising this branch for twenty-two years by the time of her farewell. A) This branch will have supervised by the retiring manager for twenty-two years by the time of her farewell. B) (No natural passive — future perfect continuous resists passivization in ordinary usage.) C) This branch will have been being supervised by the retiring manager for twenty-two years by the time of her farewell. D) This branch is supervised by the retiring manager for twenty-two years by the time of her farewell.

Q119. The trust got the crumbling heritage gate restored just in time for the festival. A) The crumbling heritage gate was got restored by the trust just in time for the festival. B) (Already a correct causative — resist forcing it into a further passive.) C) The crumbling heritage gate is got restored by the trust just in time for the festival. D) The crumbling heritage gate had got restored by the trust just in time for the festival.

Q120. The investigating officer said, "The suspect's phone records are being examined by the cyber cell." A) The investigating officer said that the suspect's phone records are being examined by the cyber cell. B) The investigating officer said that the suspect's phone records were being examined by the cyber cell. C) The investigating officer said that the cyber cell is examining the suspect's phone records. D) The investigating officer said that the cyber cell examines the suspect's phone records.

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Answer Key with Explanations

Explanations are given for every question from Q61 onward (the harder half of the set); Q1–60 use the same formula logic already worked through in Sections 2–4, and answers are given without repeated commentary so you can self-check quickly.

Q	Answer	Q	Answer	Q	Answer	Q	Answer
1	A	16	B	31	A	46	B
2	B	17	B	32	B	47	B
3	B	18	A	33	A	48	A
4	C	19	C	34	B	49	B
5	A	20	B	35	B	50	C
6	B	21	B	36	C	51	B
7	C	22	B	37	B	52	B
8	B	23	A	38	A	53	A
9	A	24	B	39	B	54	B
10	C	25	B	40	C	55	B
11	B	26	B	41	A	56	C
12	A	27	C	42	A	57	A
13	B	28	B	43	B	58	B
14	C	29	A	44	A	59	B
15	B	30	A	45	A	60	A

Q	Answer	Explanation
61	B	Future perfect passive: will have been + V3.
62	B	"Weigh" (intransitive/stative sense) resists passivization.
63	C	Causative "had...repaired" is best rendered as "got...repaired" in a paraphrase-style question; simple passive (A/B) loses the causative meaning that the landlord arranged, not performed, the repair.
64	B	Causative "made X lose" does not passivize smoothly in natural English; the sentence is best left active.
65	B	Future perfect negative passive: will not have been + V3.
66	C	Modal perfect negative passive: should not have been + V3.
67	B	"Fill" takes "with" for the instrument/content, not "by."
68	C	Correct agent/instrument split: "by the nurse" (agent) + "with a sterile cloth" (instrument).
69	B	"Resemble" is a state verb — no passive form exists.
70	B	Wh-question (reason) passive with plural agreement "were rejected."
71	C	Perfect infinitive "to have raised" reported back → simple past "raised" inside the "that" clause.
72	A	Present perfect continuous — natural usage drops the double "being/been" and uses simple present perfect passive instead; B is technically derivable but unnatural.
73	A	Negative imperative passive: Let + O + not + be + V3.
74	B	Two-object sentence, person-as-subject is the standard, natural passive.
75	B	"Cost" is a quasi-passive verb — no natural passive form.
76	B	Past perfect passive: had been + V3; C wrongly uses present perfect "has."
77	A	Passive infinitive after "is expected to": be + V3.
78	B	"Consist of" is a state verb — no natural passive.
79	A	"Going to" + passive infinitive: was going to be + V3.
80	A	Negative imperative passive with "never" retained in position before "be."
81	B	Simple future passive: will be + V3, agent retained since "the two departments" carries information.
82	B	Past perfect passive: had been + V3, with the embedded infinitive "to resurvey" retained unchanged.
83	B	Reported speech: back-shift "am reviewing" → "was reviewing"; the passive recast (C/D) is grammatically possible but not what a faithful back-shift of this active original produces.
84	B	Reported speech with an already-passive clause: "has been dispatched" back-shifts to "had been dispatched," retaining passive voice throughout.
85	B	Reported advice/recommendation takes the bare subjunctive "be taken," not "was taken" or "is taken."
86	C	"Got...audited" is already a complete, correct causative; there is no further passive to construct.
87	B	Same causative logic as Q86 — "had...decorated" is already correct.
88	B	Reported yes/no question with an already-passive clause: "has been completed" back-shifts to "had been completed," and the question inverts to a "whether" clause.
89	B	"Escape" in the "elude notice" sense is a stative/idiomatic use that resists ordinary passivization.
90	B	"Comprise" describes composition, a state — no natural passive, parallel to "consist of."
91	B	"Deserve" describes entitlement, a state-like relationship, and does not take a natural passive in ordinary usage.
92	B	Past perfect passive: had been + V3, correctly matching the original past-perfect sequencing.
93	D	"Recommended that...rest" is subjunctive in the active original; the cleanest full passive recast is the impersonal "It was recommended by the coach that..." form, keeping the embedded subjunctive "rest" unshifted.
94	A	"Whom" (object of "hold") becomes the new subject "who" once promoted — case shifts from whom to who because it's now a subject.
95	B	Simple future negative passive: will not be + V3.
96	B	"Take after" describes hereditary resemblance, a state, and resists passivization exactly like "resemble."
97	B	Reported speech: "am investigating" back-shifts to "was investigating," and the clause is naturally recast with the complaints promoted to subject: "were being investigated."
98	B	"Gets...cleaned" is already a correct, complete causative — no further passive transformation applies.
99	B	"Measure," describing an inherent dimension, is a stative use and resists passivization, just like "weigh" in Q62.
100	B	Future perfect passive: will have been + V3.
101	A	Past perfect continuous — natural usage simplifies to past perfect passive; C is technically derivable but never used.
102	A	Same logic as Q94 — "whom" as object becomes subject "who" once promoted.
103	B	Perfect infinitive "to have persuaded" reported back → simple past "persuaded" inside the "that" clause, with time adverb "last night" retained.
104	B	Negative imperative with "don't let" is most naturally rendered with "must not be" rather than a stacked "let...not" passive.
105	B	Future perfect passive: will have been + V3, retaining "exactly" and the time clause.
106	B	Reported Wh-question with an already-passive clause: "has been delayed" back-shifts to "had been delayed," and word order becomes a statement, not a question, inside the reported clause.
107	B	"Had...repainted" is already a correct causative — no further passive construction is needed or grammatical.
108	B	"Cost," used figuratively here ("cost him his career"), is a quasi-passive verb and resists passivization just as in its literal sense (Q75).
109	C	Future perfect continuous has no workable passive in ordinary usage — the defining limitation covered in Section 2.12.
110	B	Reported yes/no question: "will resume" back-shifts to "would resume," and "stops" back-shifts to "stopped," both inside the "whether" clause.
111	B	"Had...re-evaluated" is already a correct causative — the answer scripts were not personally re-evaluated by the examiner, but arranged by him to be re-evaluated.
112	B	"Survive," used intransitively here, has no object to promote and therefore no passive form.
113	D	Both the active back-shift ("they had forwarded") and the passive recast ("the file had been forwarded") are faithful, correctly back-shifted renderings of the original active direct speech — either is acceptable depending on which element the reporter wants to foreground.
114	B	"Hold," in the belief-stating sense ("holds strong views"), is a stative use and resists passivization.
115	B	Future perfect continuous, exactly as in Q109, has no natural passive form regardless of subject complexity.
116	D	Reported speech with a future-tense original: "will distribute" back-shifts to "would distribute," and the object-promotion recast keeps that back-shifted modal: "would be distributed."
117	B	Reported yes/no question with an already-passive perfect clause: "have been disbursed" back-shifts to "had been disbursed."
118	B	Future perfect continuous, exactly as in Q109 and Q115 — no natural passive exists, regardless of how long or formal the subject phrase is.
119	B	"Got...restored" is already a correct, complete causative — the trust arranged the restoration; it did not perform it personally, and no further passive transformation is needed.
120	B	Reported speech with an already-passive continuous clause: "are being examined" back-shifts to "were being examined," preserving the passive voice of the original quotation.

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