Study Guide · Chapter 6
Colonial (European) Architecture
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- Portuguese: Goa's churches, notably the Basilica of Bom Jesus (containing the relics of St. Francis Xavier) and Se Cathedral, in a Baroque/Manueline style — collectively a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
- British colonial architecture: Broadly evolved through several phases —
- Indo-Saracenic style: A deliberate hybrid combining Indian (Mughal, Rajput, Islamic) architectural elements with Gothic/European structural techniques, promoted especially from the late 19th century. Notable examples: Victoria Terminus/Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Terminus (Mumbai, F.W. Stevens, UNESCO site), Gateway of India (Mumbai), Madras High Court, Mysore Palace.
- Gothic Revival: Bombay High Court, University of Mumbai buildings.
- New Delhi/Imperial architecture: Designed principally by Sir Edwin Lutyens and Sir Herbert Baker in the early 20th century as the new imperial capital; includes the Rashtrapati Bhavan (originally Viceroy's House, Lutyens), Parliament House (Sansad Bhavan), India Gate, and North and South Block Secretariat buildings (Baker) — collectively blending classical European monumentality with select Indian decorative motifs (chhatris, jaalis).
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