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← Index: The Root, Prefix & Suffix DecoderChapter 12
Study Guide · Chapter 12

PART J — 300 HIGH-FREQUENCY EXAM WORDS (Meaning, Synonym & Antonym)

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Words are organised into three difficulty tiers of 100 each. Work through one tier at a time; do not attempt all 300 in a single sitting — the 45-Day Revision Schedule at the end of this guide paces exactly how to spread this list out.

Tier 1 — Foundation (Frequently tested, moderate difficulty)

These 100 are the words most likely to appear directly, without disguise, in a Tier-1 SSC or bank clerical-level vocabulary section. Most are recognisable from everyday reading; the goal here is precision — knowing the exact shade of meaning that separates near-synonyms like prudent and judicious, or reluctant and hesitant, rather than a fuzzy general sense of "good" or "bad."

Word Meaning Synonym Antonym
Abate to lessen in intensity subside intensify
Adamant refusing to change one's mind unyielding flexible
Ambiguous open to more than one meaning equivocal unambiguous
Apathy lack of interest or feeling indifference enthusiasm
Austere severe, without luxury stern lavish
Belligerent hostile, eager to fight pugnacious conciliatory
Candid frank, honest forthright evasive
Cordial warm and friendly affable hostile
Deft skilful adroit clumsy
Diligent showing careful, persistent effort assiduous negligent
Eloquent fluent and persuasive in speech articulate inarticulate
Ephemeral short-lived transient perpetual
Frugal economical, avoiding waste thrifty extravagant
Genuine authentic, sincere authentic fake
Garrulous excessively talkative voluble taciturn
Hapless unlucky ill-fated fortunate
Impartial not favouring one side unbiased biased
Impetuous acting without thought rash prudent
Judicious wise, sound in judgment sagacious reckless
Lethargic sluggish, lacking energy languid vigorous
Meticulous extremely careful about details scrupulous careless
Nascent just beginning to develop emerging mature
Obdurate stubbornly refusing to change intransigent compliant
Optimistic hopeful about the future sanguine pessimistic
Pragmatic dealing with things sensibly practical idealistic
Prudent showing care for future consequences judicious reckless
Quandary a state of uncertainty dilemma certainty
Reluctant unwilling, hesitant disinclined eager
Resilient able to recover quickly hardy fragile
Rescind to cancel officially revoke ratify
Sagacious showing good judgment astute foolish
Scrupulous very careful to avoid wrongdoing conscientious unscrupulous
Taciturn reserved, saying little reticent garrulous
Tentative not fully worked out, hesitant provisional definite
Ubiquitous present everywhere omnipresent rare
Vigilant keeping careful watch watchful negligent
Vindicate to clear from blame exonerate incriminate
Volatile liable to change suddenly erratic stable
Wary cautious circumspect careless
Zealous full of enthusiasm fervent apathetic
Amicable friendly, without disagreement cordial hostile
Coherent logical and consistent lucid incoherent
Discreet careful not to attract attention tactful indiscreet
Elaborate detailed and complicated intricate simple
Feasible possible to do easily viable impractical
Genial friendly, warm-hearted affable churlish
Humble modest, not proud unassuming arrogant
Innocuous not harmful harmless harmful
Meagre small in amount, inadequate scanty ample
Novel new and original innovative conventional
Ardent passionately enthusiastic fervent indifferent
Brisk quick, energetic lively sluggish
Concise brief and clear succinct verbose
Diplomatic tactful in dealing with people tactful blunt
Earnest sincere and serious fervent flippant
Frank open and honest in speech candid evasive
Gullible easily deceived credulous shrewd
Hesitant slow to act, uncertain tentative decisive
Indolent lazy slothful industrious
Jovial cheerful and friendly genial morose
Keen eager, sharp enthusiastic apathetic
Lavish very generous, extravagant opulent frugal
Meek quiet, gentle, submissive docile assertive
Nimble quick and light in movement agile clumsy
Obliging willing to help accommodating unhelpful
Placid calm, peaceful, undisturbed serene agitated
Quaint attractively unusual, old-fashioned picturesque modern
Robust strong and healthy sturdy frail
Solemn formal and serious grave jovial
Timid shy, lacking confidence diffident bold
Upright honest and morally correct honourable corrupt
Vibrant full of energy and life dynamic dull
Wholesome good for one's health or well-being salubrious unhealthy
Yielding willing to give way compliant obstinate
Zesty full of enthusiasm and energy spirited listless
Affable pleasant, easy to talk to genial surly
Bleak lacking hope or cheer dismal promising
Cautious careful to avoid risk wary reckless
Devout deeply religious, sincere pious irreverent
Exuberant full of energy and excitement ebullient subdued
Frivolous not serious, silly flippant earnest
Gracious courteous and kind courteous rude
Harsh severe, unpleasantly rough stern gentle
Impulsive acting on sudden urges rash deliberate
Jubilant feeling great happiness/triumph elated dejected
Keenly with sharp interest or feeling acutely apathetically
Loyal faithful to a person or cause devoted disloyal
Modest not boastful about achievements unassuming conceited
Naive lacking experience or judgment credulous worldly
Obscure not well known, unclear vague evident
Persistent continuing firmly despite difficulty tenacious irresolute
Quirky unusual in an appealing way eccentric conventional
Reserved slow to reveal emotions/opinions reticent outgoing
Steadfast firmly loyal, unchanging resolute wavering
Thrifty careful with money frugal wasteful
Uneasy anxious, worried apprehensive calm
Vivid producing strong, clear images graphic dull
Wistful vaguely longing, mildly sad nostalgic content
Youthful fresh, energetic, characteristic of youth vigorous aged
Zealotry fanatical devotion to a cause fanaticism moderation

Tier 2 — Intermediate

By this tier, most of the words below should already feel partly familiar if you've internalised Parts A–B — many are built transparently from roots you've now met more than once (deleterious from a root meaning harm, circumspect from circum- + spect). Use that recognition actively: before checking the meaning column, try to derive it yourself from the word's visible parts.

Word Meaning Synonym Antonym
Cajole to persuade with flattery coax intimidate
Debilitate to weaken enfeeble strengthen
Enervate to drain of energy exhaust invigorate
Facetious joking inappropriately flippant earnest
Guile cunning, deceit duplicity candour
Harangue a lengthy, forceful speech tirade eulogy
Ignominy public disgrace infamy honour
Jubilant joyfully triumphant elated despondent
Knack a natural talent for something aptitude ineptitude
Languish to lose vitality, decline flounder thrive
Mendacious untruthful, lying deceitful veracious
Nonchalant coolly unconcerned indifferent anxious
Obsequious excessively eager to please sycophantic assertive
Placate to soothe someone's anger appease provoke
Querulous complaining, whining fretful content
Reticent reluctant to speak reserved forthcoming
Solicitous showing care and concern attentive indifferent
Truculent eager to fight, defiant belligerent amiable
Unassuming modest, not pretentious unpretentious ostentatious
Venerate to regard with deep respect revere disdain
Wanton reckless, unprovoked gratuitous justified
Yield to give way, to produce concede resist
Zenith the highest point apex nadir
Abscond to leave secretly, often after wrongdoing flee remain
Brevity shortness in speech or writing conciseness verbosity
Circumspect wary, cautious prudent rash
Deleterious harmful detrimental beneficial
Effrontery shameless boldness audacity timidity
Fastidious excessively particular about details finicky undemanding
Gregarious fond of company, sociable convivial reclusive
Hackneyed overused, unoriginal trite novel
Insipid lacking flavour or interest vapid zestful
Jaded tired through overuse or excess worn out refreshed
Kindle to ignite, to arouse spark extinguish
Laconic using very few words terse verbose
Munificent very generous lavish stingy
Nefarious wicked, criminal villainous virtuous
Officious excessively eager to assert authority meddlesome unassuming
Panacea a solution for all problems cure-all poison
Quell to suppress, put an end to subdue incite
Rancour bitter, long-lasting resentment animosity goodwill
Sanguine cheerfully confident, optimistic hopeful despondent
Torpid mentally or physically slow, sluggish lethargic energetic
Usurp to seize power wrongfully commandeer relinquish
Vex to annoy, irritate irk soothe
Wistful having vague longing, mildly sad nostalgic content
Abstruse difficult to understand esoteric lucid
Bombastic using inflated, pompous language grandiloquent plain
Capricious given to sudden, unpredictable changes whimsical consistent
Deference respectful submission to another's wishes reverence defiance
Edifice a large, imposing building structure ruin
Fervour intense passion or enthusiasm zeal apathy
Gaunt thin and haggard, especially from suffering emaciated plump
Hedonist one who pursues pleasure above all epicurean ascetic
Impervious not affected or penetrated by something resistant susceptible
Jocular fond of joking, playful facetious solemn
Knavery dishonest or deceitful behaviour trickery integrity
Livid extremely angry; discoloured (bruised) irate calm
Malinger to fake illness to avoid work shirk toil
Nettle to irritate or provoke irritate soothe
Onerous burdensome, involving great effort arduous effortless
Prattle to talk at length about trivial matters chatter be silent
Quagmire a difficult, entangling situation predicament resolution
Ravage to devastate, cause severe damage devastate restore
Somber dark, gloomy, serious sombre cheerful
Turbulent marked by conflict or disorder tumultuous tranquil
Unwitting not aware, unintentional inadvertent deliberate
Vociferous loud and forceful in expression clamorous quiet
Whim a sudden desire or idea, acted on impulsively caprice plan
Xenial relating to hospitality toward guests/strangers hospitable inhospitable
Yearn to have an intense longing crave disdain
Zephyr a soft, gentle breeze breeze gale
Abhor to regard with disgust and hatred detest adore
Bereave to deprive of a loved one, especially through death deprive restore
Convivial friendly, lively, fond of company sociable reserved
Discern to perceive or recognise clearly distinguish overlook
Enthral to captivate completely mesmerise bore
Fallacious based on a mistaken belief; misleading erroneous sound
Grandiose impressively large in scope, often excessively so pompous modest
Hoodwink to deceive, trick dupe undeceive
Impute to attribute a fault to someone ascribe absolve
Jettison to discard as unnecessary discard retain
Kudos praise for an achievement acclaim criticism
Lament to express deep sorrow for mourn rejoice
Malaise a general feeling of discomfort or unease unease wellbeing
Nostalgic longing for the past wistful indifferent
Ostentatious designed to impress, showy flashy understated
Parsimonious extremely unwilling to spend money stingy generous
Querimonious inclined to complain querulous contented
Rebuff to reject bluntly spurn welcome
Serene calm, peaceful, untroubled tranquil agitated
Tenuous very weak or slight flimsy strong
Undermine to weaken gradually, often secretly subvert strengthen
Vivacious attractively lively and animated effervescent dull
Wary on one's guard, cautious circumspect careless
Xenophile one who is attracted to foreign things cosmopolitan xenophobe
Yoke (verb) to join or link together, often restrictively bind free
Adroit skilful, especially with the hands deft clumsy
Blithe happy and carefree, sometimes carelessly so cheerful grave
Contrite feeling remorseful for wrongdoing penitent unrepentant
Demure reserved and modest in manner coy brazen

Tier 3 — Advanced

These 100 push into words that appear less often overall but are exactly the kind of item that separates a high scorer from an average one, precisely because they're rare enough that rote memorisation rarely covers them — root-and-affix reasoning is often the only realistic way to have a chance at an unfamiliar word from this tier under exam-hall time pressure.

Word Meaning Synonym Antonym
Abnegation self-denial, giving up one's own desires renunciation self-indulgence
Bellicose eager to go to war, aggressive belligerent peaceable
Cacophony a harsh, discordant mixture of sounds dissonance euphony
Diaphanous light and translucent sheer opaque
Ebullient overflowing with enthusiasm exuberant despondent
Fecund fertile, highly productive prolific barren
Garner to gather or collect, often with effort amass squander
Halcyon calm and peaceful, often nostalgically tranquil turbulent
Iconoclast one who attacks cherished beliefs dissenter conformist
Juxtapose to place side by side for contrast contrast separate
Kowtow to act in an excessively subservient manner grovel defy
Lugubrious mournful, dismal, exaggeratedly sad doleful cheerful
Machinate to plot or scheme conspire disclose
Nadir the lowest point trough zenith
Obfuscate to deliberately make unclear obscure clarify
Palliate to make less severe without curing mitigate aggravate
Quiescent in a state of inactivity, dormant dormant active
Recalcitrant stubbornly resistant to authority intransigent compliant
Sycophant one who flatters for self-interest toady critic
Truism a statement so obvious it's barely worth stating platitude paradox
Umbrage offence, resentment indignation goodwill
Vituperative using harsh, abusive language scathing complimentary
Winnow to separate the good from the bad sift mix
Xenial relating to hospitality (esp. to strangers) hospitable inhospitable
Yoke to join or link together, often restrictively bind free
Zephyr a gentle, mild breeze breeze gale
Adulterate to make impure by adding inferior substances contaminate purify
Bereft deprived of, lacking devoid replete
Chicanery deception through trickery subterfuge honesty
Diatribe a forceful verbal attack invective eulogy
Effervescent vivacious and enthusiastic bubbly listless
Feckless lacking initiative or responsibility irresponsible dependable
Gainsay to deny or contradict dispute corroborate
Hegemony dominance of one group over others dominance subordination
Impecunious having little or no money penniless affluent
Jettison to discard as unnecessary discard retain
Klaxon a loud warning horn (used figuratively for alarm) alarm silence
Largesse generosity in giving generosity miserliness
Mordant sharply critical, biting in wit caustic bland
Nomenclature a system of names used in a field terminology
Obstreperous noisy and difficult to control unruly docile
Perfunctory done with minimal effort, as a routine cursory thorough
Quixotic idealistic to an impractical degree idealistic pragmatic
Ruminate to think deeply about something ponder ignore
Sinecure a position requiring little work but paying well cushy post onerous job
Turgid pompous or overblown in style; swollen bombastic succinct
Unctuous excessively flattering, ingratiating oily sincere
Vacillate to waver between different opinions waver resolve
Wend to go slowly in a specified direction meander rush
Xerothermic relating to hot and dry conditions arid humid
Zealot a fanatical follower of a cause fanatic moderate
Anodyne inoffensive, mild, unlikely to cause disagreement bland provocative
Bilious irritable, bad-tempered cantankerous genial
Cloying excessively sweet or sentimental saccharine astringent
Denouement the resolution of a story's plot resolution complication
Effete lacking vigour, decadent enervated robust
Fatuous silly, pointless, showing a lack of intelligence inane sensible
Gambit an opening move intended to gain advantage ploy
Histrionic excessively theatrical or dramatic melodramatic understated
Imbroglio a confused, complicated situation entanglement clarity
Jocose given to joking, humorous jovial grave
Knell the sound of a bell, especially announcing death; an omen of ending toll
Loquacious very talkative garrulous reticent
Mellifluous sweet-sounding, smooth and pleasant to hear euphonious grating
Nugatory of no value, trifling worthless valuable
Obeisance a gesture of deep respect or deference homage disrespect
Peremptory insisting on immediate obedience, imperious dictatorial deferential
Quibble a minor, petty objection cavil concede
Recondite obscure, hard to understand, known to few esoteric accessible
Sardonic mocking, cynically humorous derisive earnest
Tautology needless repetition of the same idea in different words redundancy conciseness
Ubiquity the fact of being everywhere at once omnipresence scarcity
Vagary an unpredictable, unaccountable change caprice consistency
Wheedle to persuade through flattery cajole repel
Xenogenesis (a term of biology; the supposed production of offspring wholly unlike the parent)
Yammer to talk complainingly or persistently whine be silent
Zeitgeist the defining spirit of a particular era ethos
Abstemious moderate in eating and drinking temperate gluttonous
Brusque abrupt and blunt in manner curt courteous
Contumacious stubbornly disobedient to authority defiant compliant
Diffuse spread out over a wide area; wordy dispersed concentrated
Ebullition a sudden outburst, a boiling over outburst calm
Fulminate to express strong criticism loudly rail praise
Gauche socially awkward, tactless maladroit suave
Hortatory urging strongly, encouraging exhortative dissuasive
Impugn to challenge the truth or honesty of question endorse
Jeremiad a long, mournful complaint lament eulogy
Kismet fate, destiny fortune
Lachrymose tearful, given to weeping tearful cheerful
Maudlin excessively sentimental, especially when drunk mawkish stoic
Nescience lack of knowledge, ignorance ignorance knowledge
Obtuse slow to understand; blunt in angle dull-witted perceptive
Piquant pleasantly sharp or spicy in taste; stimulating zesty bland
Quagmire a difficult or precarious situation predicament ease
Rapacious excessively greedy, grasping avaricious generous
Stentorian extremely loud in voice booming soft
Truculent fierce and cruel; defiantly aggressive pugnacious mild
Unremitting never relaxing or slackening relentless intermittent
Vainglorious excessively proud of oneself boastful modest
Welter a confused mass, a jumble jumble order
Xanthic yellowish in colour yellowish
Yeoman (historically) a farmer owning a small estate; loyal, dependable service sturdy servant
Zoomorphic having or representing animal form animalistic anthropomorphic

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