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← Index: Tiger Reserves and Biosphere Reserves: Map CardsChapter 12
Study Guide · Chapter 12

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  1. How many Tiger Reserves does India currently have (2025–26)? — 58.
  2. Name the original nine Tiger Reserves declared under Project Tiger in 1973–74. — Corbett, Kanha, Manas, Melghat, Palamau, Ranthambore, Similipal, Sundarbans, Bandipur.
  3. Which state has the most Tiger Reserves? — Madhya Pradesh, with 9.
  4. Which is India's newest Tiger Reserve, and in which state? — Madhav Tiger Reserve, Madhya Pradesh (2025).
  5. Which is India's largest Tiger Reserve by area, and which is the smallest? — Largest: Nagarjunsagar-Srisailam. Smallest: Bor, Maharashtra.
  6. Which reserve is Jharkhand's only Tiger Reserve? — Palamau.
  7. Which reserve shelters all four of India's big cat species together? — Namdapha, Arunachal Pradesh.
  8. In what year was Project Tiger launched, and at which reserve was it inaugurated? — 1 April 1973, at Corbett.
  9. What event in 2004–05 triggered the creation of the NTCA, and what report preceded it? — The total, undetected loss of tigers at Sariska; preceded by the Tiger Task Force report ("Joining the Dots"), 2005.
  10. Under which legal amendment was the NTCA created, and what year? — The Wildlife (Protection) Amendment Act, 2006.
  11. What monitoring platform lets forest guards log GPS-tagged patrol and ecological data on handheld devices? — M-STrIPES (Monitoring System for Tigers – Intensive Protection and Ecological Status).
  12. What replaced the old pug-mark census as the primary tiger-counting method? — Camera-trap-based capture-recapture combined with occupancy surveys, used in the All India Tiger Estimation since 2006.
  13. What is the key structural difference between a Tiger Reserve's zoning and a Biosphere Reserve's zoning? — Tiger Reserves have two zones (core + buffer); Biosphere Reserves have three (core + buffer + transition).
  14. Which reserve attempted India's first inter-state tiger translocation, and did it succeed? — Satkosia, Odisha (tigers moved in from Madhya Pradesh, 2018); it did not succeed as planned.
  15. Which reserve's entire tiger population collapsed to zero and was later rebuilt through reintroduction? — Panna Tiger Reserve, Madhya Pradesh.
  16. Which Rajasthan reserve is famous for the first successful reintroduction of tigers after a complete local extinction? — Sariska Tiger Reserve (2008 reintroduction, tigers brought in from Ranthambore).
  17. Name the central conservation project focused on the Asiatic lion, and its only wild habitat. — Project Lion; Gir National Park, Gujarat.
  18. Which species-specific project was driven by the veterinary drug diclofenac's effect on scavenging birds? — Vulture conservation (diclofenac banned for veterinary use in 2006).
  19. How many Biosphere Reserves does India have in total, and how many are UNESCO-recognised? — 18 total; 13 UNESCO-recognised.
  20. Which was India's first Biosphere Reserve, and which was most recently added to UNESCO's network? — Nilgiri (1986) first; Cold Desert, Himachal Pradesh (UNESCO, September 2025) most recent.
  21. Name two reserves that carry a "triple designation" (Biosphere Reserve + Tiger Reserve + UNESCO Natural Site). — Sundarbans and Manas.
  22. What was the tiger population recorded in the 2022 All India Tiger Estimation, and what was it in 2006 for comparison? — 3,682 (range 3,167–3,925), released July 2023; versus 1,411 in 2006.
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