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← Index: Indian Freedom Movement — SSC & RRB Complete Study NotesChapter 25
Study Guide · Chapter 25

24. ROLE OF WOMEN IN THE FREEDOM MOVEMENT

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24. ROLE OF WOMEN IN THE FREEDOM MOVEMENT

Women participated at every stage of the freedom struggle — from 1857 to 1947 — as fighters, organisers, satyagrahis, writers, and political leaders.

Name Contribution
Rani Lakshmibai Warrior-queen of Jhansi, Revolt of 1857
Begum Hazrat Mahal Led resistance at Lucknow, 1857
Bhikaiji Cama (Madam Cama) Hoisted an early version of the Indian flag at the International Socialist Conference, Stuttgart, Germany, 1907 — first hoisting of an Indian flag abroad
Annie Besant Home Rule Movement; first woman President of INC (1917)
Sarojini Naidu "Nightingale of India"; poet; led Dharasana Salt Works raid (1930); first Indian woman President of INC (Kanpur session, 1925); later first woman Governor of an Indian state (UP, post-independence)
Kasturba Gandhi Participated in Satyagraha movements in South Africa and India
Kamala Nehru Active in Non-Cooperation and Civil Disobedience Movements
Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit Congress leader; later independent India's first woman cabinet minister, first woman President of the UN General Assembly (1953)
Aruna Asaf Ali Hoisted flag at Gowalia Tank during Quit India Movement, 1942; underground leader
Usha Mehta Ran secret "Congress Radio" during Quit India Movement
Captain Lakshmi Sahgal Led the Rani of Jhansi Regiment of the INA
Sucheta Kripalani Quit India Movement activist; later independent India's first woman Chief Minister (UP, 1963)
Pritilata Waddedar & Kalpana Dutt Chittagong Armoury Raid revolutionaries
Bina Das Attempted assassination of Bengal Governor Stanley Jackson (1932)
Matangini Hazra Elderly satyagrahi killed by police firing during Quit India Movement in Midnapore, Bengal (1942), while leading a procession carrying the national flag
Durgabai Deshmukh Salt Satyagraha organiser in Andhra; later social reformer
Rajkumari Amrit Kaur Gandhian, close associate of Gandhi; independent India's first Health Minister

Key Facts / Quick Revision Points — Women in the Movement

  • Bhikaiji Cama — hoisted Indian flag abroad first, Stuttgart 1907.
  • Sarojini Naidu — first Indian woman President of INC (Kanpur, 1925); "Nightingale of India."
  • Annie Besant — first woman President of INC overall (1917).
  • Matangini Hazra — martyred during Quit India Movement (1942), Midnapore.
  • Rani of Jhansi Regiment (INA) — Captain Lakshmi Sahgal.

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