Study Guide · Chapter 5
Citizens-Only vs Everyone
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| Right | Available to |
|---|---|
| Art. 15 (non-discrimination) | Citizens only |
| Art. 16 (public employment) | Citizens only |
| Art. 19 (six freedoms) | Citizens only |
| Art. 29 (minority interests) | Citizens only |
| Art. 30 (minority institutions) | Minorities (citizens) |
| Art. 14 (equality before law) | Everyone, incl. foreigners |
| Art. 20, 21, 21A, 22 | Everyone |
| Art. 23, 24 | Everyone |
| Art. 25–28 (religion) | Everyone |
Quick rule: if the right concerns equality/liberty/dignity/human safety, it is universal (extends even to foreigners, and in some readings even to legal persons like companies for limited purposes); if it concerns belonging to the political or cultural community (public jobs, political-style speech, minority-run institutions), it is citizens-only. This rule resolves the great majority of "who can claim this right" questions without needing to memorise each article separately.
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