Study Guide · Chapter 15
Quick Revision — Key Facts Table
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| Fact | Detail |
|---|---|
| Earliest civilization in India | Indus Valley Civilization (Harappan) |
| First metal used by Harappans | Copper and Bronze (not iron) |
| First Buddhist Council | Rajgriha, under Ajatashatru |
| Fourth Buddhist Council | Kundalvana (Kashmir), under Kanishka |
| Founder of Mauryan Empire | Chandragupta Maurya |
| Greatest Mauryan ruler | Ashoka |
| National emblem source | Sarnath Lion Capital of Ashoka |
| Battle that changed Ashoka | Kalinga War (261 BCE) |
| Founder of Gupta Era (319 CE) | Chandragupta I |
| "Napoleon of India" | Samudragupta |
| Iron Pillar location | Mehrauli, Delhi (Chandragupta II era) |
| Zero/decimal system credited to | Indian mathematicians (notably Aryabhata, Brahmagupta) |
| Last major North Indian ruler before medieval fragmentation | Harshavardhana |
| Builder of Kailasa Temple, Ellora | Krishna I (Rashtrakuta) |
| Builder of Brihadeeswarar Temple | Rajaraja I (Chola) |
| Chola king who reached the Ganga | Rajendra I ("Gangaikonda Chola") |
| Earliest Tamil grammar | Tolkappiyam |
| Discoverer of Harappa (1921) | Daya Ram Sahni |
| Discoverer of Mohenjodaro (1922) | R.D. Banerji |
End of Ancient India notes — approx. 30 pages / 15,000 words.
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