Sources checked for the 29 September 2026 edition. Before the examination, recheck district notifications, port operations and project commissioning. River source, basin and relative position usually remain stable; administrative counts and operational figures can change.
District creation: Markapuram District Gazette, G.O.Ms.No.524, 30 December 2025
https://cdn.s3waas.gov.in/s38f7d807e1f53eff5f9efbe5cb81090fb/uploads/2026/01/17678549325255.pdf
District creation: Polavaram District Administration, district site and notices
https://polavaram.ap.gov.in/
District count corroboration: Markapuram District Administration, 2026 district overview
https://markapuram.ap.gov.in/
Rivers and basins: Andhra Pradesh Space Applications Centre, water-resource services
https://apsac.ap.gov.in/?page_id=1075
Polavaram: Ministry of Jal Shakti, annual report/project material
https://www.jalshakti-dowr.gov.in/static/uploads/2024/05/2023022017.pdf
Irrigation: Krishna District Administration, Irrigation Circle
https://krishna.ap.gov.in/irrigation-circle/
Irrigation: Kurnool District Administration, Handri-Neeva project
https://kurnool.ap.gov.in/hnss/
Irrigation: SPS Nellore District Administration, Somasila Dam
https://spsnellore.ap.gov.in/somasila-dam-nellore/
Irrigation: Markapuram District Administration, Veligonda Project overview
https://markapuram.ap.gov.in/places-of-interest/
Irrigation: Kakinada District Administration, Water Resources Department
https://kakinada.ap.gov.in/departments/water-resources-department/
Irrigation: SPS Nellore District Administration, Kandaleru Reservoir
https://spsnellore.ap.gov.in/kandaleru-dam-reservior-kandaleru/
Ports: Ministry of Ports, Shipping and Waterways, Indian Ports Sector update to 31 March 2025
https://shipmin.gov.in/sites/default/files/Update%20on%20Indian%20Ports%20Sector%20upto%2031.03.2025_0.pdf
Ports: Ministry of Ports, Shipping and Waterways, Basic Port Statistics 2024-25
https://shipmin.gov.in/sites/default/files/BPS%202024-25_compressed.pdf
Hazards: Andhra Pradesh State Disaster Management Authority, GIS portal
https://apsdmagis.ap.gov.in/weather-watch/portal-home.html
Map geometry: APSDMA public 28-district boundary layer, 2026
https://apsdmagis.ap.gov.in/heatwave/today_map/districts.geojson
Map rivers: Andhra Pradesh Space Applications Centre, public WMS River layer
https://apsac.ap.gov.in/?page_id=1075
Map site points: OpenStreetMap contributors, geocoded site locations
https://www.openstreetmap.org/copyright