RRB Technician Grade 3 practice question
From a drum containing 405 litres of pure milk, a certain quantity is drawn out and replaced with water; the same quantity is again drawn out (from the diluted mixture) and replaced with water. After these two identical operations, 180 litres of pure milk remains. Find the quantity drawn out each time.
From a RRB Technician Grade 3 Quantitative Aptitude practice set · Quantitative Aptitude
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Correct answer: (C) 135
Let x litres be drawn out each time. After two successive operations, remaining milk = V(1 − x/V)² . So 405(1 − x/405)² = 180 ⇒ (1 − x/405)² = 180/405 = 0.4444 ⇒ 1 − x/405 = √(0.4444) = 0.6667 ⇒ x/405 = 0.3333 ⇒ x = 135 litres. (A common error is to divide the total quantity removed by 2 linearly — that is wrong because the second withdrawal removes an already-diluted mixture, not pure milk.)
हिंदी में प्रश्न
405 लीटर शुद्ध दूध वाले एक ड्रम में से कुछ मात्रा निकालकर पानी मिला दिया जाता है; फिर (पतले हुए मिश्रण में से) उतनी ही मात्रा दोबारा निकालकर पानी मिला दिया जाता है। इन दो समान प्रक्रियाओं के बाद 180 लीटर शुद्ध दूध शेष रहता है। प्रत्येक बार निकाली गई मात्रा ज्ञात करें।
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सही उत्तर: (C) 135
मान लीजिए प्रत्येक बार x लीटर निकाला गया। दो लगातार प्रक्रियाओं के बाद शेष दूध = V(1 − x/V)²। अतः 405(1 − x/405)² = 180 ⇒ (1 − x/405)² = 180/405 = 0.4444 ⇒ 1 − x/405 = √(0.4444) = 0.6667 ⇒ x/405 = 0.3333 ⇒ x = 135 लीटर। (एक सामान्य गलती यह है कि कुल घटी मात्रा को सीधे 2 से भाग दे दिया जाए — यह गलत है क्योंकि दूसरी बार निकाला गया द्रव पहले से पतला हुआ मिश्रण होता है, शुद्ध दूध नहीं।)
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