The Penna flows toward the Nellore coast; Somasila and Kandaleru are important reservoir associations. Farther south, Tirupati district contains Tirumala's temple region and the Sriharikota-Pulicat coastal belt. Chittoor remains an inland border district. This journey gives three different landforms: interior basin, coastal plain or lagoon, and upland border country.

Project names can deceive. Kandaleru is a reservoir in the Telugu Ganga transfer system; Pulicat is a brackish lagoon; Sriharikota hosts a space-launch centre. Do not substitute one institution or water body for another just because they lie in southern AP.

Worked example: The Penna runs through southern AP toward the Bay of Bengal. A broad river-basin clue may implicate more than one district, so add the town or structure given in the question. Nellore is coastal; Kadapa and the Rayalaseema districts are inland. A drainage map cannot provide current district headquarters, but it can eliminate an implausible coast-versus-plateau option.

Active recall: Identify the district and the physical type for Somasila, Pulicat and Tirumala.