Chapter 10 — September: EOS-05 and Aichi-Nagoya 2026

Coverage window: 1–30 September 2026

Revision checked: 11 October 2026

Question set: CA26-SEP-001 to CA26-SEP-025

September brings together two subjects that reward precise naming: an ISRO launch vehicle and payload, and the 20th Asian Games. The Games began in September but continued into October; their final medal count belongs in the next chapter. This one records the host, dates, opening and September developments without treating a scheduled multi-day event as if all results were already known.

1. GSLV-F17 and EOS-05

ISRO’s official launch registry lists the GSLV-F17/EOS-05 mission on 4 September 2026. The launch-day ISRO record and the mission-register entry identify EOS-05 as an Earth-observation satellite. ISRO describes it as India’s first imaging satellite from geosynchronous orbit and reports that the GSLV-F17 mission successfully placed it into the intended orbit, described in the mission record as a sub-geosynchronous transfer orbit.

The fact card is compact:

• Launch vehicle: GSLV-F17, a Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle flight.
• Payload: EOS-05.
• Date: 4 September 2026, according to ISRO’s launch registry and launch-day record.
• Mission result: ISRO reported successful placement into the intended orbit.
• Satellite type/application: Earth observation.
• Notable description: India’s first imaging satellite from geosynchronous orbit, as described by ISRO.

Do not confuse the launch vehicle with the payload. GSLV-F17 is the vehicle; EOS-05 is the spacecraft. “Earth observation” is the application category. The mission record’s phrase “sub-geosynchronous transfer orbit” should not be rewritten as “geostationary orbit” unless a separate orbital-placement source supports that exact statement.

A source-date discrepancy worth handling

ISRO’s current launch registry, timeline and launch-day update give 4 September 2026. The mission-detail page contains an inconsistent August 29 date in its text. Because multiple official ISRO records plus the launch-day account agree on 4 September, this book uses 4 September and records the discrepancy in its source register. It does not repeat the inconsistent date as a fact. This is an example of a source check that matters: even official pages can contain a page-level error or an unexplained date field.

2. PSLV-C62: keep success and anomaly separate

ISRO’s spacecraft-mission register also lists the January 12 PSLV-C62/EOS-N1 mission and marks it unsuccessful. The mission page says an anomaly occurred during the end of the PS3 stage and that a detailed analysis was initiated. This volume records the official outcome without speculating about causes, assigning fault or treating every planned co-passenger as successfully placed in orbit.

Why include a January mission in a September chapter? It creates a useful comparison drill when candidates review the 2026 launch register: one mission can be recorded as successful and another as unsuccessful, even though both appear in the same year and both involve Earth-observation payloads. But the publication’s chronological chapter sequence remains intact: the July-through-September launch entries are in their month chapters; this comparison is a short cross-reference, not a new September event.

The safe method is to separate four fields: vehicle and mission number, payload, launch date, result. “Launched” names an event; “mission successful” or “mission unsuccessful” describes the outcome. A registry entry alone may not explain the cause. For the January anomaly, cite ISRO’s mission page and use only the statement it supports.

3. Aichi-Nagoya 2026: event identity and dates

The Olympic Council of Asia (OCA) and the organising committee identified the 20th Asian Games as Aichi-Nagoya 2026, hosted in Japan. The opening ceremony was scheduled for 19 September 2026 in Nagoya; the Games ran through 4 October 2026. In this interim book, September chapter notes the opening and host, while the October chapter handles final results confirmed after closing.

Japan had previously hosted the Asian Games in Tokyo in 1958 and Hiroshima in 1994. Aichi-Nagoya 2026 was described by the OCA as Japan’s third time hosting the Games. The current edition number is 20th. These are separate retrieval facts: edition, host region/country, opening date, closing date and prior host cities.

The OCA’s September countdown record describes competition in 43 sports, 71 disciplines and 469 events, with participants from 45 National Olympic Committees and an OCA Refugee Team. These figures are an organising-body snapshot published before the event. Use a dated source and do not treat a pre-event plan as an after-event report if the final programme changes.

The opening ceremony was at Nagoya City Mizuho Park Athletic Stadium. Some competitions began before the opening ceremony; the event period and competition schedule should not be mistaken for one another. A “Games period” can include competitions that start before the opening spectacle. The answer should follow the exact wording of the question.

4. September start, October finish

The schedule crossed a month boundary. The 20th Asian Games opened on 19 September and closed on 4 October. A September publication can correctly say that the Games opened; it cannot yet give the final medal table. The October 1–10 chapter uses the post-event OCA and official Indian source records to establish India’s final result.

This distinction prevents a common current-affairs error: candidates memorize a mid-event tally or a forecast and later repeat it as the final total. In a multi-day event, note the date on the medal count. A result can change from one competition day to the next. The final tally requires a final source, after completion.

5. Host geography: Aichi and Nagoya

Aichi is a prefecture in Japan; Nagoya is its principal city and the urban host named in the event title. “Aichi-Nagoya 2026” signals the host prefecture and city. It should not be confused with Tokyo or Hiroshima, which are Japan’s earlier Asian Games host cities. A place question can ask the host country, host city, prefecture or previous hosts; read the level requested.

For the AP candidate, use a simple map drill: locate Japan in East Asia; identify Nagoya in central Japan; relate Aichi to the host name; recall Tokyo 1958 and Hiroshima 1994 as Japan’s previous editions. This book’s map will be original and schematic, not a downloaded map tile, and will state that it is not to scale.

Event card

Quick recall

• What was the GSLV-F17 payload and what type of satellite was it?
• Which date is supported by ISRO’s launch register and launch-day record?
• What anomaly did ISRO report for PSLV-C62/EOS-N1?
• Which Asian Games edition was Aichi-Nagoya 2026?
• In which country, prefecture and city were the Games hosted?
• Why does the final medal table belong to October rather than the September opening chapter?

Complete the 25 questions below. For each miss, note whether you confused a vehicle with a payload, an event with an outcome, or a scheduled date with a final result.

Figure 10.1 — September: space and sport. Original teaching visual; schematic, not to scale unless the chapter specifies units.

Original practice questions

1. What was the payload of the GSLV-F17 mission?

A. EOS-05

B. EOS-N1

C. NISAR

D. CMS-03

Answer: A. ISRO identifies EOS-05 as the payload of GSLV-F17. GSLV-F17 is the launch vehicle. Source CA26-009 and CA26-039.

2. Which date is given for GSLV-F17/EOS-05 in ISRO’s launch register?

A. 29 August 2026

B. 4 September 2026

C. 12 January 2026

D. 4 October 2026

Answer: B. The launch register, ISRO timeline and launch-day record give 4 September 2026. The mission-detail page contains a conflicting August 29 date, which is documented in the source register; this book follows the corroborated launch records. Source CA26-009 and CA26-039.

3. GSLV-F17 was a flight of which launch-vehicle family?

A. Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle

B. Small Satellite Launch Vehicle

C. Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle

D. Launch Vehicle Mark-3 only

Answer: C. GSLV is the Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle family. The payload EOS-05 is a separate spacecraft. Source CA26-009.

4. ISRO classifies EOS-05 primarily as a/an:

A. Navigation satellite

B. Crewed capsule

C. Communication-only satellite

D. Earth-observation satellite

Answer: D. ISRO identifies EOS-05 as an Earth-observation satellite. Source CA26-009.

5. What did ISRO report about the GSLV-F17/EOS-05 mission outcome?

A. It successfully placed EOS-05 into the intended orbit

B. It was cancelled before launch

C. It suffered an anomaly during the PS3 stage

D. It launched a lunar lander

Answer: A. ISRO reports successful mission accomplishment and placement into the intended orbit. Source CA26-009.

6. Which orbit description appears in ISRO’s GSLV-F17 mission record?

A. Low Earth orbit only

B. Sub-geosynchronous transfer orbit

C. Lunar orbit

D. Sun-synchronous polar orbit

Answer: B. ISRO describes EOS-05 as placed in a sub-geosynchronous transfer orbit. Do not rewrite it as geostationary without supporting evidence. Source CA26-009.

7. Which statement distinguishes the GSLV-F17 vehicle from its payload?

A. EOS-05 is the launch vehicle; GSLV-F17 is the satellite

B. Both names refer to the same satellite

C. GSLV-F17 is the launch vehicle; EOS-05 is the spacecraft

D. Neither name refers to a space mission

Answer: C. Vehicle and payload are separate parts of a launch mission. Source CA26-009.

8. ISRO described EOS-05 as India’s first imaging satellite from which type of orbit?

A. Lunar orbit

B. Polar orbit

C. Heliocentric orbit

D. Geosynchronous orbit

Answer: D. The mission page describes EOS-05 as India’s first imaging satellite from geosynchronous orbit. Source CA26-009.

9. Which official records support using 4 September 2026 for the GSLV-F17 launch date?

A. ISRO launch registry, timeline and launch-day record

B. A single unrelated social-media image

C. The Padma Awards list

D. A budget index

Answer: A. These corroborating ISRO records give 4 September. The inconsistent mission-detail date is disclosed in the source register rather than silently repeated. Source CA26-009 and CA26-039.

10. Which mission did ISRO list as having encountered an anomaly during the end of the PS3 stage?

A. GSLV-F17/EOS-05

B. PSLV-C62/EOS-N1

C. GSLV-F16/NISAR

D. LVM3-M6/BlueBird

Answer: B. ISRO’s mission-specific page reports an anomaly during the end of the PS3 stage for PSLV-C62/EOS-N1. Source CA26-039.

11. What outcome does ISRO’s spacecraft-mission register record for PSLV-C62/EOS-N1?

A. Successful lunar landing

B. Mission still scheduled for 2027

C. Launch unsuccessful

D. Satellite placed into a geostationary orbit

Answer: C. The ISRO register marks EOS-N1/ANVESHA on PSLV-C62 as launch unsuccessful. The mission page describes an anomaly; do not invent a cause. Source CA26-039.

12. Which pair correctly matches the 2026 launch vehicle and payload?

A. PSLV-C62 — EOS-05

B. GSLV-F17 — EOS-N1

C. LVM3-M6 — EOS-05

D. GSLV-F17 — EOS-05

Answer: D. ISRO’s register pairs GSLV-F17 with EOS-05. PSLV-C62 was associated with EOS-N1. Source CA26-009 and CA26-039.

13. The Aichi-Nagoya 2026 Games were which edition of the Asian Games?

A. 20th

B. 18th

C. 19th

D. 21st

Answer: A. OCA identifies the event as the 20th Asian Games. Source CA26-040.

14. Which country hosted the Aichi-Nagoya 2026 Asian Games?

A. China

B. Japan

C. South Korea

D. India

Answer: B. Aichi-Nagoya 2026 was hosted in Japan. Source CA26-040.

15. The host name “Aichi-Nagoya” refers to:

A. Two Indian states

B. A country and its capital

C. A Japanese prefecture and city

D. Two Asian Games editions

Answer: C. Aichi is a prefecture and Nagoya is a city in Japan. Source CA26-040.

16. The opening ceremony of the 20th Asian Games was scheduled for:

A. 4 October 2026

B. 4 September 2026

C. 21 June 2026

D. 19 September 2026

Answer: D. OCA records the opening ceremony for 19 September. Source CA26-040.

17. The Games were scheduled to run through:

A. 4 October 2026

B. 19 October 2026

C. 30 September 2026

D. 4 September 2026

Answer: A. The OCA gives 4 October as the closing date. This means the event continued into October. Source CA26-040.

18. Which stadium was named for the opening ceremony?

A. Tokyo National Stadium

B. Nagoya City Mizuho Park Athletic Stadium

C. Hiroshima Peace Memorial Park

D. Nagoya City Airport Terminal

Answer: B. OCA identified Nagoya City Mizuho Park Athletic Stadium as the opening-ceremony venue. Source CA26-040.

19. Japan had hosted the Asian Games before Aichi-Nagoya in which two cities and years?

A. Osaka (1964) and Kyoto (1980)

B. Nagoya (1958) and Sapporo (1994)

C. Tokyo (1958) and Hiroshima (1994)

D. Tokyo (1994) and Hiroshima (2002)

Answer: C. OCA identifies Tokyo 1958 and Hiroshima 1994 as Japan’s previous host editions. Source CA26-040.

20. According to the OCA event snapshot, how many sports were listed for Aichi-Nagoya 2026?

A. 71

B. 469

C. 45

D. 43

Answer: D. The OCA snapshot lists 43 sports. The other figures refer to disciplines, events and National Olympic Committees. Source CA26-040.

21. The OCA snapshot listed how many disciplines?

A. 71

B. 43

C. 45

D. 1,407

Answer: A. The OCA snapshot lists 71 disciplines. Source CA26-040.

22. The OCA snapshot listed how many medal events?

A. 43

B. 469

C. 71

D. 20

Answer: B. The pre-event snapshot lists 469 events. Use the dated source because programme details may be revised. Source CA26-040.

23. The event was described as involving which number of National Olympic Committees, plus a refugee team?

A. 20

B. 43

C. 45

D. 71

Answer: C. The OCA report says 45 National Olympic Committees plus an OCA Refugee Team. Source CA26-040.

24. Why should a September chapter avoid publishing a final medal tally before the Games close?

A. Medal counts are never reported

B. The Games ended before September began

C. OCA does not maintain results

D. Results can change during the Games; a final count needs a post-event source

Answer: D. The Games continued through 4 October, so final results belong to a later post-event record. Source CA26-040.

25. Which comparison between the GSLV-F17 and PSLV-C62 entries is accurate?

A. ISRO reports GSLV-F17/EOS-05 successful and PSLV-C62/EOS-N1 unsuccessful

B. Both were described as successful lunar missions

C. Both were cancelled

D. GSLV-F17 carried EOS-N1 and PSLV-C62 carried EOS-05

Answer: A. ISRO’s mission-specific records describe the GSLV-F17 mission as successful and the PSLV-C62 launch as unsuccessful/anomalous. Sources CA26-009 and CA26-039.