A record is a measured performance ratified within a defined category. A championship medal is a place in one event at one competition. A runner can win a race without breaking a record, or set a national record and still finish outside the medals in a stronger field. World Athletics displays personal bests, national-record marks, championship honours and current rankings in different sections. Copying one number into the wrong section creates a false fact.

Jyothi Yarraji's 12.78 seconds was listed as a national record in the federation profile checked for this edition. Her Asian championship titles are separate. In a question, “which event is her NR associated with?” asks 100 metres hurdles; “which colour at the Asian Championships?” asks an event result with a year. Records may be revised for eligibility, timing or later performances, so the reader should revisit the live federation profile during final revision.

Worked example: An athlete holds a national record and also wins a championship medal. These are not equivalent: one compares a performance against a record standard; the other compares competitors in an event final. A record can be set without winning and a winner can be slower than a previous record. Answer from the official result or record list, not from an adjective such as 'fastest'.

Active recall: Give an example of a medal without a record and explain why the two labels cannot be swapped.