Gandikota is a Penna-side reservoir and the site of a notable gorge and fort landscape in current YSR Kadapa district. APWRIMS lists Gandikota Reservoir under the Pennar basin; the district heritage page places the fort on the Penna bank. The fort is not the reservoir structure even though they share a locality.

For an exam question, identify whether the stem asks about physical geography, a water asset or heritage. Current storage figures from a sensor table are operational measurements, not timeless facts.

Worked example: Gandikota's Penna gorge is a landscape clue, while the Gandikota reservoir is an irrigation-system clue in the YSR Kadapa area. A tourism photograph of the fort does not show present storage. In an MCQ, first decide whether the stem asks for the river, reservoir or heritage site; then select the appropriate answer. An old parent-district label should be checked against the current map for a district-specific question.

Active recall: Locate the named river or project on the relevant map, name its function, and state which facts need a dated source.